PCNSE Exam Dumps - Palo Alto Networks Certified Security Engineer (PCNSE) PAN-OS 11.0

Virtual Desktop Infrastructure (VDI) and Virtual Machine (VM) environments, such as Citrix XenApp and XenDesktop or VMWare Horizon and Vcenter, support access natively through HTML5. You can RDP, VNC, or SSH to these machines through Clientless VPN without requiring additional third-party middleware. In environments that do not include native support for HTML5 or other web application technologies supported by Clientless VPN, you can use third-party vendors, such as Thinfinity, to RDP through Clientless VPN. Reference: https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/globalprotect/10-1/globalprotect-admin/globalprotect-clientless-vpn/supported-technologies

https://networkwiki.blogspot.com/2017/03/palo-alto-networks-clientless-vpn-and.html

https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/pan-os/9-1/pan-os-admin/firewall-administration/manage-firewall-administrators/administrative-authentication#:~:text=The%20administrative%20accounts%20are%20defined,attributes%20on%20the%20SAML%20server .

To facilitate the integration with external log parsing systems, the firewall allows you to customize the log format; it also allows you to add custom Key: Value attribute pairs. Custom message formats can be configured under DeviceServer ProfilesSyslogSyslog Server ProfileCustom Log Format. https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/pan-os/11-1/pan-os-admin/monitoring/use-syslog-for-monitoring/syslog-field-descriptions/custom-logevent-format

Step-by-Step Explanation:

Understanding Log Forwarding in PAN-OS:

Palo Alto Networks firewalls allow forwarding logs to external systems like syslog servers, SNMP servers, or email systems for external analysis or compliance.

Traffic logs can be customized to include additional information that meets the audit or operational requirements.

Syslog Server Profiles:

Syslog Server Profiles specify the format and destination of the log data sent to the syslog server.

These profiles allow customization through the Custom Log Format option, where the firewall engineer can add or modify log fields (e.g., source address, destination address, URL category).

Custom Log Format:

Navigate to Device > Server Profiles > Syslog.

Within the Syslog Server Profile, define a Custom Log Format for traffic logs.

Using this feature, the engineer can include additional fields requested by the internal audit team, such as threat severity, application details, or user ID.

Field Specification:

In the Custom Log Format, fields are defined using variables corresponding to the log fields in PAN-OS.

Example:

$receive_time,$src,$dst,$app,$action,$rule

The engineer can include specific details as requested by the audit team.

Comparison of Other Options:

Option B: Built-in Actions within Objects > Log Forwarding Profile

Log Forwarding Profiles are used to specify what logs are forwarded based on security policy matches. However, they do not control the format of logs.

Log Forwarding Profiles define actions (e.g., forwarding to syslog, SNMP), but customization of log data happens within Syslog Server Profiles.

Option C: Logging and Reporting Settings within Device > Setup > Management

These settings control general logging behavior and settings but do not allow customization of log data for syslog forwarding.

Option D: Data Patterns within Objects > Custom Objects

Data Patterns are used for identifying sensitive data or patterns in data filtering. They are unrelated to log customization.

Why A is Correct?

The Custom Log Format under Device > Server Profiles > Syslog is the only place where additional information can be defined and added to forwarded traffic logs.

This flexibility allows the firewall engineer to meet specific compliance or audit requirements.

Documentation Reference:

PCNSA Study Guide: Logging and Monitoring section discusses Syslog Server Profiles and log forwarding configurations​.

PAN-OS Admin Guide: Covers Custom Log Format configuration under the Syslog Server Profile.

A and D are the best practice deployment modes for the firewall if the company wants to add threat prevention to the network without redesigning the network routing. This is because these modes allow the firewall to act as a transparent device that does not affect the existing network topology or routing1.

A: VirtualWire mode allows the firewall to be inserted into any existing network segment without changing the IP addressing or routing of that segment2. The firewall inspects traffic between two interfaces that are configured as a pair, called a virtual wire. The firewall applies security policies to the traffic and forwards it to the same interface from which it was received2.

D: Layer 2 mode allows the firewall to act as a switch that forwards traffic based on MAC addresses3. The firewall inspects traffic between interfaces that are configured as Layer 2 interfaces and belong to the same VLAN. The firewall applies security policies to the traffic and forwards it to the appropriate interface based on the MAC address table3.

Verified References:

1: https://www.garlandtechnology.com/blog/whats-your-palo-alto-ngfw-deployment-plan

2: https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/pan-os/10-1/pan-os-admin/networking/configure-interfaces/virtual-wire.html

3: https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/pan-os/10-1/pan-os-admin/networking/configure-interfaces/layer-2.html

When an administrator needs to evaluate recent policy changes that were committed and pushed to a firewall device group in Panorama, the most direct approach is to use the "Preview Changes" feature.

A. Click Preview Changes under Push Scope:

The "Preview Changes" option is available under the "Push Scope" in Panorama. This feature allows administrators to see a detailed comparison of the changes that are about to be pushed to the managed firewalls or that have been recently pushed. It highlights the differences between the current configuration and the previous one, making it easier to identify exactly what changes were made, including modifications to policies, objects, and other settings.

This is particularly useful for auditing and verifying that the intended changes match the actual changes being deployed, enhancing transparency and reducing the risk of unintended configuration modifications.

This approach provides a clear and concise way to review configuration changes before and after they are applied, ensuring that policy modifications are intentional and accurately reflect the administrator's objectives.