212-89 Exam Dumps - EC Council Certified Incident Handler (ECIH v3)

When you receive a screenshot from Nervous Nat and go through a list of questions, check resources for information to determine the nature of the screenshot, and assess the condition of your network, you are engaging in the Detection and Analysis (or Identification) phase of Incident Response (IR). This phase is about identifying potential security incidents based on reported concerns, anomalies detected by security tools, or through the analysis of security alerts. In this scenario, despite the historical context of false positives, each report is treated seriously, requiring you to collect and analyze information to determine whether a real attack is happening. This involves verifying the validity of the incident, assessing its nature, scope, and impact, and deciding on the appropriate next steps. The detection and analysis phase is critical for determining the course of the IR process, including whether escalation is needed and what response measures should be initiated.References:The ECIH v3 certification materials outline the Incident Response process, detailing steps from preparation, detection and analysis, containment, eradication, and recovery, to post-incident activities, highlighting the importance of thorough detection and analysis as the foundation for effective incident management.

The correct sequence of steps performed by incident responders during the vulnerability assessment phase is as follows:

• Perform OSINT information gathering to validate the vulnerabilities (4):Initially, Open Source Intelligence (OSINT) is used to gather information about the organization’s digital footprint and potential vulnerabilities.
• Run vulnerability scans using tools (1):Next, specialized tools are employed to scan the organization's networks and systems for vulnerabilities.
• Identify and prioritize vulnerabilities (2):The identified vulnerabilities are then analyzed and prioritized based on their severity and potential impact on the organization.
• Examine and evaluate physical security (3):Physical security assessments are also crucial as they can impact the overall security posture and protection of digital assets.
• Check for misconfigurations and human errors (6):This step involves looking for misconfigurations in systems and networks, as well as potential human errors that could lead to vulnerabilities.
• Apply business and technology context to scanner results (5):The results from the scans are evaluated within the context of the business and its technology environment to accurately assess risks.
• Create a vulnerability scan report (7):Finally, a comprehensive report is created, detailing the vulnerabilities, their severity, and recommended mitigation strategies.

This sequence ensures a thorough assessment, prioritizing vulnerabilities that pose the greatest risk and providing actionable insights for mitigation.References:ECIH v3 courses and study guides elaborate on the vulnerability assessment process, detailing the steps involved in identifying, evaluating, and addressing security vulnerabilities within an organization's IT infrastructure.

In the scenario described, Stanley's effort to present evidence in a clear and comprehensible manner to the members of a jury, with the intention of clarifying facts and aiding in obtaining expert opinion, aligns with the characteristic of admissibility. The admissibility of digital evidence pertains to its acceptability in a court of law, which hinges on the evidence being collected, handled, and presented in a manner that complies with legal standards and procedures. This includes ensuring the evidence is relevant, reliable, and not overly prejudicial. By preparing to present the evidence in a way that the jury can understand and use to confirm the investigation process, Stanley is focusing on ensuring that the evidence meets the criteria for admissibility in the legal proceedings. Completeness, believability, and authenticity are also important characteristics of digital evidence, but the context provided indicates that Stanley's primary focus is on meeting the legal requirements for the evidence to be considered valid in court.References:The Incident Handler (ECIH v3) certification materials cover the legal aspects of incident response, including the importance of ensuring the admissibility of evidence in legal proceedings as a fundamental objective of the evidence collection and presentation process.

Employee monitoring tools are primarily used by employers to detect and prevent malicious insider threats. These tools can track activities such as data access, data exfiltration attempts, unauthorized actions, and other behaviors that could indicate malicious intent or pose a risk to the organization's security. While such tools may also incidentally uncover issues like lost registry keys, conspiracies, or stolen credentials, their main purpose is to safeguard against insiders who might misuse their access to harm the organization, steal data, sabotage systems, or engage in espionage.References:ECIH v3 study materials cover various security measures and tools that organizations can use to protect against insider threats, emphasizing the role ofmonitoring in detecting and responding to malicious activities by insiders.

Malicious downloads initiated through manipulated office documents typically involve macro abuse. Macros are scripts that can automate tasks within documents and are embedded within Office documents like Word, Excel, and PowerPoint files. While macros can be used for legitimate purposes, they can also be abused by attackers to execute maliciouscode. When an office document with a malicious macro is opened, and macros are enabled, the macro can run arbitrary code that leads to malicious downloads, installing malware or performing other unauthorized actions on the victim's system.

Macro abuse has become a common vector for cyber attacks, as it exploits the functionality of widely used office applications. Attackers often craft phishing emails with attachments or links to documents that contain malicious macros, tricking users into enabling macros to execute the malicious code. This method is effective for bypassing some security measures since it relies on user interaction and exploitation of legitimate features.

References:In the ECIH v3 course by EC-Council, there is a focus on various methods used by attackers to compromise systems, including macro abuse in office documents. The curriculum stresses the importance of understanding these attack vectors for effective incident handling and response strategies.

In the risk assessment process, calculating the probability that a threat source will exploit an existing system vulnerability is known as likelihood analysis. This step involves evaluating how probable it is that the organization's vulnerabilities can be exploited by potential threats, considering various factors such as the nature of the vulnerability, the presence and capability of threat actors, and the effectiveness of current controls. Elizabeth's task of assessing the probability of exploitation is crucial for understanding the risk level associated with different vulnerabilities and for prioritizing risk mitigation efforts based on the likelihood of occurrence.

References:The Certified Incident Handler (ECIH v3) program by EC-Council includes detailed discussions on risk assessment methodologies, where likelihood analysis is highlighted as a key component in evaluating risks to organizational security.

Incident triage is the phase in the Incident Handling and Response (IH&R) process where identified security incidents are analyzed, validated, categorized, and prioritized. This step is crucial for determining the severity of incidents and deciding on the order in which they should be addressed. During triage, incident handlers assess the impact, urgency, and potential harm of an incident to prioritize their response efforts effectively. This ensuresthat resources are allocated efficiently, and the most critical incidents are handled first. Incident recording and assignment involve logging incidents and assigning them to handlers, containment focuses on limiting the extent of damage, and notification involves informing stakeholders about the incident.References:The Incident Handler (ECIH v3) courses and study guides detail the IH&R process, emphasizing the importance of triage in managing and responding to security incidents effectively.

When Joseph, the IH&R team lead, alerted service providers, developers, and manufacturers about the affected resources, he was engaged in the Containment stage of the Incident Handling and Response (IH&R) process. Containment involves taking steps to limit the spread or impact of an incident and to isolate affected systems to prevent further damage. Alerting relevant stakeholders, including service providers and developers, is part of containment efforts to ensure that the threat does not escalate and that measures are taken to protect unaffected resources. This stage precedes eradication and recovery, focusing on immediate response actions to secure the environment.References:The ECIH v3 certification program outlines the IH&R process stages, explaining the roles and actions involved in containment, including communication with external and internal stakeholders to manage and mitigate the incident's effects.