An opportunistic attack is characterized by the attacker not being acquainted with the target. These attacks are typically random and take advantage of any available vulnerability rather than being specifically targeted at a particular system or organization. The attacker usually seeks easy targets with known vulnerabilities and acts quickly when an opportunity arises. Axis security documentation describes opportunistic attacks as generally unsophisticated, focusing on exploiting common and readily available weaknesses in systems.
Question # 34
What ensures that unauthenticated, tampered firmware is blocked and rejected during start up?
Secure boot is a security feature that ensures only authenticated and untampered firmware can run on Axis devices. During the start-up process, secure boot checks the digital signature of the firmware against a trusted certificate. If the firmware has been tampered with or is not authenticated, the device will block and reject it, preventing potential security breaches. This mechanism is part of Axis' commitment to cybersecurity and is detailed in their security white papers and firmware documentation.
Question # 35
Which rating is important when vandalism is a risk?
The IK rating is a measure of a device's resistance to mechanical impact, making it crucial for environments where vandalism is a concern. A higher IK rating indicates better protection against physical attacks, ensuring that the camera can withstand attempts to damage it. Axis cameras designed for high-risk areas typically feature robust housings with high IK ratings, which are specified in their product datasheets and installation guides.
Question # 36
Which layer 4 protocol has less overhead information?
UDP (User Datagram Protocol) has less overhead information compared to TCP (Transmission Control Protocol). UDP is a simpler, connectionless protocol that does not require handshaking or error-checking mechanisms, resulting in lower overhead and faster transmission of data. This makes UDP more efficient for real-time applications such as video streaming, as detailed in Axis Communications' technical guides on network protocols.
Question # 37
What can an installer do to prevent reflections from built-in IR illuminators from degrading the image quality?
To prevent reflections from built-in IR illuminators from degrading the image quality, an installer can adjust the camera's field of view. By repositioning the camera or slightly altering its angle, the installer can minimize the direct reflection of IR light back into the lens, which often causes glare and reduces image clarity. Axis installation guidelines recommend adjusting the camera’s position to avoid reflective surfaces and ensure optimal use of IR illumination for clear, unobstructed images.
Question # 38
Fiber optic cables
A.
have a lower cost than shielded twister pair cables.
Fiber optic cables are ideal for long-distance data transmission due to their low signal attenuation and high bandwidth capabilities. Unlike copper cables, fiber optics can transmit data over several kilometers without significant loss of signal quality. They are also immune to electromagnetic interference, making them suitable for environments with high electrical noise. Axis technical references on networking confirm that fiber optic cables are preferred for long-distance and high-performance networking applications.
Question # 39
Which device is useful when replacing an analog camera with an IP camera?
When replacing an analog camera with an IP camera, a video encoder is useful because it allows the integration of analog cameras into an IP-based system. The encoder converts analog video signals into digital streams that can be transmitted over an IP network, enabling the continued use of existing analog cameras while transitioning to modern IP infrastructure. Axis provides detailed information on their video encoders and their applications in various scenarios in their technical documentation and product brochures.
Lowering the shutter speed can produce motion blur because the camera sensor is exposed to light for a longer period, capturing the movement of objects within the frame. This results in a blurry representation of moving objects, which can be useful for artistic effects but undesirable for capturing fast-moving subjects clearly. References: Axis Communications camera user guides and image capture documentation.