CS0-002 Exam Dumps - CompTIA CySA+ Certification Exam (CS0-002)

Credential vaulting is a solution that would best satisfy the organization’s goal of implementing a privileged access management solution. Credential vaulting is a technique that securely stores and manages the credentials of privileged accounts, such as emergency and service accounts. Credential vaulting can help prevent unauthorized or accidental use of privileged accounts by enforcing strict access policies, such as requiring approval, authentication, or auditing for each access request. Credential vaulting can also help rotate or expire the passwords of privileged accounts to reduce the risk of compromise3.

Option D would provide the analyst with additional useful information relevant to the above script. Option D is a command that compares two files and shows the differences between them. In this case, the command compares the current snapshot of the system configuration (sysconfig.txt) with the previous snapshot (sysconfig.txt.old). This can help the analyst to identify any changes or anomalies in the system configuration that may indicate unauthorized or malicious activity. Option A is a command that copies a file from one location to another. In this case, the command copies the current snapshot of the system configuration (sysconfig.txt) to a backup location (/backup/sysconfig.txt). This can help the analyst to preserve evidence or restore the system configuration if needed, but it does not provide any additional information relevant to the above script. Option B is a command that prints a file to standard output. In this case, the command prints the current snapshot of the system configuration (sysconfig.txt) to the screen. This can help the analyst to review or analyze the system configuration, but it does not provide any additional information relevant to the above script. Option C is a command that moves a file from one location to another. In this case, the command moves the current snapshot of the system configuration (sysconfig.txt) to another location (/old/sysconfig.txt). This can help the analyst to organize or archive the system configuration files, but it does not provide any additional information relevant to the above script.

The IDS signature should be updated next after receiving a new IoC (Indicator of Compromise) from an ISAC (Information Sharing and Analysis Center) that follows a threat actor’s profile and activities. An IoC is a piece of evidence or artifact that suggests a system or network has been compromised or attacked by a threat actor4. An IoC can be an IP address, domain name, URL, file hash, email address, registry key, etc. An ISAC is a nonprofit organization that collects, analyzes, and shares threat intelligence and best practices among its members within a specific sector or industry5. An ISAC can help to improve the security awareness and preparedness of its members by providing timely and relevant information about emerging threats and incidents.

The correct answer is C. eFUSE. An eFUSE is a type of electronic fuse that can be programmed to permanently alter the functionality or configuration of a chipset. An eFUSE can be used to prevent security weaknesses that could be reintroduced by downgrading the firmware version on the chipset, by locking the firmware to a specific version or preventing unauthorized modifications. An eFUSE can also provide other benefits, such as anti-tampering, anti-counterfeiting, and device authentication1.

A. UEFI is not correct. UEFI stands for Unified Extensible Firmware Interface, and it is a standard that defines the software interface between an operating system and a platform firmware. UEFI can provide security features, such as secure boot, which verifies the integrity of the boot loader and prevents unauthorized code execution during the boot process. However, UEFI does not prevent security weaknesses that could be reintroduced by downgrading the firmware version on the chipset2.

B. A hardware security module is not correct. A hardware security module (HSM) is a physical device that provides secure storage and processing of cryptographic keys and operations. An HSM can protect sensitive data and transactions, such as encryption, decryption, signing, or verification, from unauthorized access or tampering. However, an HSM does not prevent security weaknesses that could be reintroduced by downgrading the firmware version on the chipset3.

D. Certificate signed updates are not correct. Certificate signed updates are a method of ensuring the authenticity and integrity of firmware updates by using digital certificates and signatures. Certificate signed updates can prevent malicious or corrupted firmware updates from being installed on the chipset, but they do not prevent security weaknesses that could be reintroduced by downgrading the firmware version on the chipset.

1: What Is an eFUSE? 2: What Is UEFI? 3: What Is a Hardware Security Module (HSM)?

Third-party assessment. A third-party assessment is a process that explores the risk posed to your organization by third-party vendors along the supply chain. This process evaluates the likelihood that your business is exposed to different third-party risks such as compliance risk, operational risk, financial risk, security risk and cybersecurity risk1.

A third-party assessment can help the CSO gain a better understanding of the prospective company’s cybersecurity posture by:

• Providing an independent and objective evaluation of the vendor’s security policies, controls, and practices.
• Identifying any gaps or weaknesses in the vendor’s security posture that could compromise your organization’s data, systems, or reputation.
• Recommending actions or improvements to mitigate or reduce the identified risks and enhance the vendor’s security performance.

A third-party assessment can also help the CSO identify risks in the supply chain by:

• Mapping and tracing the data flow and dependencies among the vendor and its subcontractors or suppliers.
• Assessing how the vendor and its subcontractors or suppliers safeguard data and comply with relevant regulations and standards.
• Detecting any signs of malicious or negligent behavior by the vendor or its subcontractors or suppliers that could harm your organization or its customers.

Operational security controls are security measures that are implemented and executed by people rather than by systems. Operational security controls are needed to supplement areas that other controls, such as technical or physical controls, cannot address. For example, operational security controls can include policies, procedures, training, awareness, audits, reviews, testing, etc. These controls can help ensure that employees follow best practices, comply with regulations, detect and report incidents, and respond to emergencies. The other options are not specific to operational security controls or are too narrow in scope. References: CompTIA Cybersecurity Analyst (CySA+) Certification Exam Objectives (CS0-002), page 14; https://www.isaca.org/resources/isaca-journal/issues/2016/volume-3/operational-security-controls

The host “lincoln” violates the organizational policies that require dedicated user accounts to run programs that need elevated privileges. The log file shows that the user “ldavis” tried to run programs such as “su root”, “sudo apache.bin”, and “sudo grep” on the host “lincoln”, which indicate attempts to gain elevated privileges or access sensitive files. The other hosts do not show any evidence of policy violation.

 A sinkhole is a technique that redirects malicious network traffic to a controlled destination, such as a fake server or a black hole. A sinkhole can be used to stop malicious communications with a command-and-control server by preventing the malware from reaching its intended destination. A high entropy level means that the sinkhole can generate random domain names that match the changing domain name used by the malware for callback. Blocking TCP/443 at the edge router, disabling TCP/53 at the perimeter firewall, or configuring the DNS forwarders to use recursion are other possible actions that could stop malicious communications, but they could also disrupt legitimate services that use those protocols or settings. Reference: https://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/about/security-center/dns-sinkholing.html