NSE7_PBC-7.2 Exam Dumps - Fortinet NSE 7 Public Cloud Security 7.2 (FCSS)

To get Terraform ready using Microsoft Azure Cloud Shell, you need to perform the following steps:

Set up a storage account in Azure. This is required to store the Terraform state file in a blob container, which enables collaboration and persistence of the infrastructure configuration1.

Use the wget (terraform_version) command to upload Terraform. This command downloads the latest version of Terraform from the official website and saves it as a zip file in the current directory2.

Move the Terraform file to the bin directory. This step extracts the Terraform executable from the zip file and moves it to the bin directory, which is part of the PATH environment variable. This allows you to run Terraform commands from any directory in Cloud Shell2.

The other options are incorrect because:

You do not need to use the -O command to download Terraform. This command is used to specify a different output file name for the downloaded file, but it is not necessary for this task3.

You do not need to subscribe to Terraform in Azure. Terraform is an open-source tool that can be used with any cloud provider, and there is no subscription or registration required to use it with Azure4. References:

Updating the route table and adding an IAM policy

Configure Terraform in Azure Cloud Shell with Bash

wget(1) - Linux man page

Terraform by HashiCorp

The correct answer is B and C. Both landing subnets in the spoke VPCs must have a 0.0.0.0/0 traffic route to the TGW. Both landing subnets in the security VPC must have a 0.0.0.0/0 traffic route to the FortiGate port2.

According to the AWS documentation for Transit Gateway, a transit gateway is a network transit hub that connects VPCs and on-premises networks. To send outbound traffic from the Linux instances to the internet through the security VPC, you need to do the following steps:

In the main subnet routing table in the spoke VPCs, add a new route with destination 0.0.0.0/0, next hop TGW. This route directs all traffic from the Linux instances to the TGW, which can then forward it to the appropriate destination based on the TGW route table.

In the main subnet routing table in the security VPC, add a new route with destination 0.0.0.0/0, next hop FortiGate port2. This route directs all traffic from the TGW to the FortiGate internal interface, where it can be inspected and allowed by the FortiGate policies.

The other options are incorrect because:

Adding a 0.0.0.0/0 traffic route to the Internet Gateway (IGW) in the spoke VPCs is not correct, as this would bypass the TGW and the security VPC and send all traffic directly to the internet.

Adding a 0.0.0.0/0 traffic route to the TGW in all the VPCs is not necessary, as only the spoke VPCs need to send traffic to the TGW. The security VPC needs to send traffic to the FortiGate port2.

Transit Gateways - Amazon Virtual Private Cloud : Fortinet Documentation Library - Deploying FortiGate VMs on AWS

A is incorrect because the terraform plan command will not deploy any resources at all. It will only show the changes that would be made if the terraform apply command was run. The error message in the exhibit indicates that the service principal details are invalid, which means that Terraform cannot authenticate to Azure and cannot create any resources1.

B is incorrect because you can run the terraform apply command without running the terraform plan command first. The terraform apply command will automatically generate a new plan and prompt you to approve it before applying it2. However, running the terraform plan command first can help you preview the changes and avoid any unwanted or unexpected actions.

C is correct because you must run the terraform init command once before the terraform plan command. The terraform init command initializes a working directory containing Terraform configuration files. It downloads and installs the provider plugins required for your configuration, such as the Azure provider2. It also creates a hidden directory called .terraform to store the plugin binaries and other metadata1. Without running the terraform init command, the terraform plan command will fail because it cannot find the required plugins or modules.

D is correct because the terraform plan command makes Terraform do a dry run. A dry run is a simulation of what would happen if you executed a certain action, without actually performing it. The terraform plan command creates an execution plan, which is a description of the actions that Terraform would take to make your infrastructure match your configuration2. The execution plan shows you what resources will be created, modified, or destroyed, and what attributes will be changed. The execution plan does not affect your infrastructure or state file until you apply it with the terraform apply command1.

In this scenario, the issue is caused by the Azure service principle account not having a contributor role. This is required for the FortiGate HA floating IP to work properly. Without this role, the new primary device will not have the previous primary device floating IP address after failover. References: Fortinet Public Cloud Security knowledge source documents or study guide.

https://docs.fortinet.com/product/fortigate-public-cloud/7.2

The correct answer is B and D. A transit gateway with an attachment and a transit VPC support east-west traffic inspection within the AWS cloud by the FortiGate VM.

According to the Fortinet documentation for Public Cloud Security, a transit gateway is a network transit hub that connects VPCs and on-premises networks. A transit gateway attachment is a resource that connects a VPC or VPN to a transit gateway. By using a transit gateway with an attachment, you can route traffic from your spoke VPCs to your security VPC, where the FortiGate VM can inspect the traffic1.

A transit VPC is a VPC that serves as a global network transit center for connecting multiple VPCs, remote networks, and virtual private networks (VPNs). By using a transit VPC, you can deploy the FortiGate VM as a virtual appliance that provides network security and threat prevention for your VPCs2.

The other options are incorrect because:

A NAT gateway with an EIP is a service that enables instances in a private subnet to connect to the internet or other AWS services, but prevents the internet from initiating a connection with those instances. A NAT gateway with an EIP does not support east-west traffic inspection within the AWS cloud by the FortiGate VM3.

An Internet gateway with an EIP is a horizontally scaled, redundant, and highly available VPC component that allows communication between instances in your VPC and the internet. An Internet gateway with an EIP does not support east-west traffic inspection within the AWS cloud by the FortiGate VM4.

1: Fortinet Documentation Library - Deploying FortiGate VMs on AWS 2: [Fortinet Documentation Library - Transit VPC on AWS] 3: [NAT Gateways - Amazon Virtual Private Cloud] 4: [Internet Gateways - Amazon Virtual Private Cloud]

The three settings that should be checked while troubleshooting this problem are:

Ensure FortiGate port4 can resolve DNS. This is because the Azure SDN connector requires DNS resolution to communicate with the Azure API1. If the FortiGate port4 cannot resolve DNS, the SDN connector will not be able to retrieve the Azure resources and display them in the GUI.

Ensure FortiGate portl has internet access. This is because the Azure SDN connector requires internet access to communicate with the Azure API1. If the FortiGate portl does not have internet access, the SDN connector will not be able to connect to the Azure cloud and display an error in the CLI.

Ensure IP address 169.254.169_254 is not blocked. This is because the Azure SDN connector uses this IP address to obtain metadata information from the Azure instance2. If this IP address is blocked by a firewall policy or a network ACL, the SDN connector will not be able to get the required information and display an error in the CLI.

The Azure SDN connector uses two types of queries to interact with the Azure management API. The first query is targeted to a special IP address to get a token. This token is used to authenticate the subsequent queries. The second type of query is used to retrieve information about the Azure resources, such as virtual machines, network interfaces, network security groups, and public IP addresses. Some queries are made to manage public IP addresses, such as assigning or releasing them from the FortiGate VM. References: Configuring an SDN connector in Azure, Azure SDN connector using service principal, Troubleshooting Azure SDN connector

Terraform manages and tracks the state of infrastructure resources through a file known as terraform.tfstate. This file is automatically created by Terraform and is updated after the application of a Terraform plan to capture the current state of the resources.

State File Purpose: The terraform.tfstate file contains a JSON object that records the IDs and properties of resources Terraform manages, so that it can map real-world resources to your configuration, keep track of metadata, and improve performance for large infrastructures.

State File Management: This file is crucial for Terraform to perform resource updates, deletions, and for creating dependencies. It's essentially the 'source of truth' for Terraform about your managed infrastructure and services.

References: This behavior is documented in Terraform's official documentation, which explains how the terraform.tfstate file is used to keep track of the infrastructure Terraform is managing.