PDI Exam Dumps - Platform Developer I (SU24)

Option A: Specifying loading order

True.

Explanation:

The tag allows you to specify the order in which scripts are loaded by the sequence in the scripts attribute.

To replace a JavaScript button from Salesforce Classic that creates records with prepopulated values in Lightning Experience, the developer can use:

Option A: Quick Actions

Quick Actions (Specifically, Object-Specific Actions):

Quick Actions allow users to perform actions, such as creating or updating records, from a record page or global context.

Prepopulating Fields:

You can predefine field values in Quick Actions using predefined values or by utilizing Lightning Component actions.

To represent that an applicant has applied for a job when each applicant can apply to multiple jobs:

Option B: Junction object between Applicant and Job

Explanation: A many-to-many relationship in Salesforce is modeled using a junction object. The junction object would have two master-detail relationships, one to Applicant and one to Job.

Implementation:

Create a custom object, e.g., JobApplication.

Add master-detail relationships to both Applicant and Job.

To address the view state limit error caused by loading over 10,000 records in a Visualforce page, the developer should implement pagination with a StandardSetController.

StandardSetController: This controller allows developers to easily paginate large sets of records in Visualforce pages.

"A StandardSetController object contains a reference to a list of records with pagination support, similar to the display in a list view."— Apex Developer Guide: StandardSetController Class

Benefits:

Efficient Data Handling: It retrieves only a subset of records at a time, reducing the amount of data held in view state.

Built-in Pagination: Provides methods to navigate through pages of records (next, previous, etc.).

View State Limit: Visualforce pages have a view state limit of 170KB. Loading all records at once exceeds this limit.

"To optimize your Visualforce pages, minimize your use of view state. The view state of a Visualforce page is limited to 170KB."— Visualforce Developer Guide: View State in Visualforce Pages

Why Not Other Options:

A. Implement pagination with an OffsetController: There's no standard OffsetController in Visualforce. Implementing custom pagination with offsets is less efficient and can be complex.

B. Use JavaScript remoting with SOQL Offset: While JavaScript remoting can reduce view state size, using SOQL OFFSET is not efficient for large offsets (over 2,000 records).

"When using OFFSET with a large number of records, performance degrades significantly."— SOQL and SOSL Reference: OFFSET Clause

D. Use lazy loading and a transient List variable: Lazy loading can help, but it doesn't solve the issue of handling large datasets efficiently. Transient variables reduce view state but do not manage data retrieval or pagination.

Conclusion: Implementing pagination with a StandardSetController is the recommended solution to handle large datasets efficiently in Visualforce pages and prevent view state limit errors.

Scenario:

Universal Containers (UC) wants to allow multiple Accounts to share a default pickup address.

They have created a custom object called Global Address.

Requirement:

Create an efficient model to link multiple Accounts to a single Global Address.

Solution:

To associate multiple Accounts with a single Global Address, we need to create a lookup relationship from Account to Global Address.

Option D: Add a lookup field on the Account object to the Global Address object.

Correct Approach.

Explanation:

Adding a Lookup Field on the Account object that references the Global Address object allows multiple Accounts to reference the same Global Address.

This setup models a many-to-one relationship:

Many Accounts can have the same Global Address as their pickup address.

Benefits:

Data Normalization: Reduces data redundancy by storing the address once.

Ease of Maintenance: Updating the Global Address updates it for all associated Accounts.

The error message 'Maximum trigger depth exceeded' occurs when a trigger invokes itself recursively more than the allowed limit.

Option C: The trigger is getting executed multiple times.

Correct Answer.

Explanation:

This error indicates that the trigger is recursively calling itself.

This can happen if the trigger performs an update or insert operation that causes the same trigger to fire again, leading to an infinite loop.

Salesforce enforces a limit on the recursion depth to prevent stack overflows.

Using Database.insert with allOrNone=false allows partial success in DML operations.

Option D: Use the Database method with allOrNone set to false.

Records that cause errors are not inserted.

Successful records are committed.

Prevents the entire batch from failing.

Why Not Other Options:

Option A: Deactivating the trigger is not practical.

Option B: Removing the class from the profile may cause other issues.

Option C: A try-catch block won't prevent the batch from failing.

References:

Database Methods:

"Use the Database DML methods to specify whether or not to allow partial record processing."— Apex Developer Guide: Using the Database Class

To enable a custom event in a Lightning Web Component (LWC) to bubble up the containment hierarchy and cross the Shadow DOM boundary, the event must be dispatched with the properties:

bubbles: true

composed: true

bubbles Property:

When set to true, the event bubbles up through the DOM hierarchy, allowing parent components to listen for the event.

"The bubbles option indicates whether the event bubbles up through the DOM or not."— Lightning Web Components Developer Guide: Event Propagation

composed Property:

When set to true, the event can pass through the Shadow DOM boundary, allowing components outside the Shadow DOM to receive the event.

"The composed option controls whether the event can propagate across the boundary between the shadow DOM and the regular DOM."— Lightning Web Components Developer Guide: Event Composition

Example:

// ChildComponent.js

const event = new CustomEvent('myevent', {

bubbles: true,

composed: true,

detail: { /* event data */ }

});

this.dispatchEvent(event);

Why Other Options Are Incorrect:

Option B: bubbles: true, composed: false

The event will bubble up within the Shadow DOM but will not cross the Shadow DOM boundary.

Option C: bubbles: false, composed: false

The event will neither bubble nor cross the Shadow DOM boundary, limiting its propagation.

Option D: bubbles: false, composed: true

The event will not bubble up the containment hierarchy but can cross the Shadow DOM boundary, which is insufficient for the requirement.

Conclusion:

Setting both bubbles and composed to true ensures the event bubbles up through the component hierarchy and crosses the Shadow DOM boundary.

Option D: Use Test.getStandardPricebookId() to get the standard price book ID.

Correct Answer.

Explanation:

The Test.getStandardPricebookId() method returns the ID of the standard price book, which can be used in test classes without using SeeAllData=true.

This allows the test to access and use the standard price book in a controlled manner.

To allow partial success when inserting a list of records, the developer should use the Database class methods with the allOrNone parameter set to false.

Option B: Database.insert(records, false)

Correct Answer.

Explanation:

The Database.insert() method allows for partial processing.

By setting the second parameter (allOrNone) to false, the operation will attempt to insert all records.

If some records fail, the successful ones will be committed, and the errors can be examined from the result.

Usage:

Database.SaveResult[] results = Database.insert(records, false);

for (Database.SaveResult sr : results) {

if (sr.isSuccess()) {

// Record inserted successfully

} else {

// Handle errors

for (Database.Error err : sr.getErrors()) {

System.debug(err.getMessage());

}

}

}

Option A: Data Import Wizard does not support Opportunities.

Explanation: The Data Import Wizard supports importing data for certain standard objects (Accounts, Contacts, Leads, Solutions, Campaign Members, and Person Accounts) and custom objects. It does not support importing data into all standard objects like Opportunities.

To run a script that deploys to a sandbox:

Option A: VSCode

Explanation: Visual Studio Code with the Salesforce Extensions Pack allows developers to deploy code using scripts and integrates with Salesforce CLI.

Option D: SFDX CLI

Explanation: The Salesforce CLI (SFDX CLI) can be used to script deployments to any org, including sandboxes.

Example Command:

sfdx force:source:deploy -u sandboxAlias -p path/to/source

As of Winter '20 (API version 47.0), Salesforce introduced the ability to test Autolaunched Flows with test coverage.

However, as of the current knowledge cutoff (2023-09), there is no direct way within the Salesforce UI to check the test coverage of autolaunched flows before deploying them via change sets.

To check the test coverage of flows, developers can use the Tooling API to query for test coverage.

Option A: Use SOQL and the Tooling API.

Correct Answer.

Explanation:

Developers can use the Tooling API to query for Flow test coverage information.

By executing a SOQL query on FlowTestCoverage and FlowVersionView objects via the Tooling API, developers can retrieve coverage data.

This allows checking flow test coverage programmatically before deployment.

To test the trigger with 200 account records with unique names using the least amount of code:

Option A: Use Test.loadData to populate data in your test methods.

Explanation: Test.loadData allows you to load test data from a static resource (CSV file) into your test method. This approach minimizes code since you don't have to write code to create each record.

Change Sets are a point-and-click tool for migrating metadata between related Salesforce orgs, such as from a sandbox to a production org.

Option C: Deployment is done in a one-way, single transaction.

Correct.

Explanation:

Change sets are deployed in a one-way direction from the source org to the destination org.

The deployment occurs in a single transaction. If any component fails to deploy, the entire deployment is rolled back.

To prevent duplicate Order records from being created when updates come from the OMS:

Option B: Use the order number from the OMS as an external ID.

Explanation: Setting the Order Number as an External ID allows Salesforce to recognize records based on this unique identifier during upsert operations.

Option D: Ensure that the order number in the OMS is unique.

Explanation: Having a unique Order Number in the OMS ensures that each order can be accurately identified and matched in Salesforce.

Why These Actions Prevent Duplicates:

By using upsert with the External ID, the integration can update existing orders instead of creating new ones.

// Example of upsert operation using External ID

upsert orderRecord Order_Number__c;

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In the Model-View-Controller (MVC) architecture applied to a Lightning Web Component (LWC) that imports an Apex method:

Controller refers to the logic that handles input and interactions.

In this scenario, when a button is pressed, the method runs to execute complex validations.

Option C: Apex class

Part of Controller.

Explanation:

The Apex class contains the method that performs the complex validations.

It acts as the server-side controller logic.

To create a custom user interface component that allows users to enter information about their accounts and validate user input before saving, the best technology is:

Option A: Lightning Web Components

Lightning Web Components (LWC):

LWC is a modern UI framework built on web standards, providing efficient performance and a rich set of base components.

Input Validation:

LWCs support client-side validation using standard HTML5 validation and custom validation logic.

Developers can use JavaScript to validate user input before saving data to the database.

User Experience:

LWCs provide a responsive and interactive user experience, which is essential for data entry components.

Declarative Development refers to building applications using Salesforce's point-and-click tools without writing code. It has several characteristics:

Option C: Declarative development does not require Apex test classes.

True.

Declarative tools like Flows, Process Builder, and Validation Rules do not require Apex test classes because they are configured via the UI and not through code.

Lightning Web Components (LWC) can access various Salesforce resources.

Option B: SVG resources

Accessible.

Explanation:

LWCs can include SVG files to define custom icons for the component.

The SVG file is placed in the component bundle with the name componentName.svg.

To make a Lightning Web Component (LWC) available in Salesforce Classic, you can embed it in a Visualforce page using Lightning Out.

Option D: Use the Lightning Out JavaScript library to embed the Lightning Web Component in a Visualforce page and add to the page layout.

Lightning Out allows LWCs to be embedded in Visualforce pages.

The Visualforce page can then be included in Salesforce Classic interfaces.

Why Not Other Options:

Option A: Visualforce components cannot directly contain LWCs.

Option B: Wrapping an LWC in an Aura component and surfacing it as a Visualforce tab doesn't make it available on page layouts.

Option C: You cannot invoke an LWC from a Visualforce page using an Apex method call.

References:

Lightning Out for Visualforce:

"Lightning Out is a feature that extends Lightning components to any web page. Use it to embed Lightning web components in a Visualforce page."— Lightning Web Components Dev Guide: Use Lightning Web Components in Visualforce Pages

To ensure that specific data is available in test methods, the developer should create test data within the test context.

Option B: Use Test.loadData() and reference a CSV file in a static resource.

Correct Approach.

Explanation:

Test.loadData() is a method that allows test methods to load test data from a CSV file stored as a static resource.

This method creates the records in the test context, ensuring that the data is available during the test execution.

Using a CSV file makes it easy to define multiple records with specific field values.

Usage Example:

@isTest

private class MyTestClass {

@isTest

static void testMethod() {

List testRecords = (List) Test.loadData(MyObject__c.sObjectType, 'MyTestData');

// Proceed with testing using testRecords

}

}

Where 'MyTestData' is the name of the static resource containing the CSV file.

To efficiently generate a baseline set of data for unit tests that can be shared across multiple test methods, you should:

Option A: Use @TestSetup with a void method.

@TestSetup Annotation:

The @TestSetup method runs once before any test methods in the test class and is used to create common test data.

Data created in @TestSetup is available to all test methods within the test class.

Example:

@IsTest

private class MyTestClass {

@TestSetup

static void setupData() {

// Create Accounts, Contacts, Products, Assets

// This data is available to all test methods

}

@IsTest

static void testCase1() {

// Test logic here

}

@IsTest

static void testCase2() {

// Test logic here

}

}

Option A: An External ID field can be used to reference an ID from another external system.

True.

Explanation:

External IDs are custom fields that have the External ID attribute selected.

They are used to store unique identifiers from external systems, allowing Salesforce to match and integrate data based on external IDs.

Given that Trainer__c has a lookup field to Gym__c, to retrieve the record for the 'Viridian City Gym' and all its trainers, the correct SOQL query is:

Option A:

SELECT Id, (SELECT Id FROM Trainers__r) FROM Gym__c WHERE Name = 'Viridian City Gym'

Parent-to-Child Query (Subquery):

To retrieve child records (trainers) from the parent record (gym), you perform a subquery using the child relationship name.

Child Relationship Name:

For a lookup relationship, the child relationship name can be found in the relationship settings.

By default, if the lookup field on Trainer__c is Gym__c, the child relationship name is Trainers__r.

Query Breakdown:

SELECT Id, (SELECT Id FROM Trainers__r) FROM Gym__c WHERE Name = 'Viridian City Gym'

Selects the Gym record and all related Trainers.

Why Other Options Are Incorrect:

Option B: (SELECT Id FROM Trainer__c)

Trainer__c is an object, not a relationship name, so the subquery is incorrect.

Option C: SELECT ID FROM Trainer__c WHERE Gym__r.Name = 'Viridian City Gym'

This query retrieves Trainer records, not the Gym record and its trainers as specified.

Option D: (SELECT Id FROM Trainers__c)

Trainers__c is incorrect; the child relationship name should end with __r in subqueries.

The Apex test fails in the Test Runner but succeeds in the Execute Anonymous window because the test method relies on existing data in the sandbox.

Isolation of Test Data: By default, Apex tests do not have access to pre-existing data in the organization. Tests are executed in an isolated context to ensure they are not dependent on external data, promoting reliability and repeatability.

"Apex test methods don’t have access to pre-existing data in the organization. The test methods have access to all data that they create and to changes made by other test methods (unless the @IsTest(Isolated=true) annotation is used)."— Apex Developer Guide: Isolation of Test Data from Organization Data in Unit Tests

Execute Anonymous Window: When code is run in the Execute Anonymous window, it executes in the current user's context and has access to all organization data, including existing records.

"All Apex code runs in system mode. The only exception is anonymous blocks, such as code executed using the Execute Anonymous window or the SOAP API."— Apex Developer Guide: Enforcing Object and Field Permissions

Solution: To fix the failing test, the developer should create the necessary test data within the test method or use the @IsTest(SeeAllData=true) annotation if access to existing data is absolutely necessary (though this is generally discouraged).

"If you specify @IsTest(SeeAllData=true), the test method has access to all data in the organization, but the test can be slower and less reliable because it might depend on data that changes."— Apex Developer Guide: Using the SeeAllData Annotation

Why Other Options Are Incorrect:

Option A: While calling an @future method requires special handling in tests, it would not cause the method to pass in Execute Anonymous and fail in tests.

Option C: A syntax error would prevent the code from compiling, so it wouldn't run in either context.

Option D: Using System.runAs is only necessary when testing code that behaves differently for users with different profiles or permissions.

Conclusion: The discrepancy arises because the test method is attempting to access data that isn't available in the test context, leading to its failure in the Test Runner but success in the Execute Anonymous window.

When a Lightning component needs to execute a complex SOQL query that joins two objects, and such queries are not supported directly in Lightning components, the solution is to use an Apex controller method.

Option C: Invoke an Apex class with the method annotated as @AuraEnabled to perform the query.

Correct Approach.

Explanation:

The Lightning component can call an Apex method annotated with @AuraEnabled.

The Apex method can perform the complex SOQL query and return the results to the component.

For integrating automated tests into a Continuous Integration (CI) process, the Universal Containers development team should use the Salesforce CLI.

Option C: Salesforce CLI

Salesforce CLI (Command Line Interface) is a powerful command-line tool that allows developers to script and automate various Salesforce tasks, including running tests, deploying code, and retrieving metadata.

Automated Testing:

Developers can use the sfdx force:apex:test:run command to run Apex tests and include it in their CI scripts.

Example Command:

sfdx force:apex:test:run --testlevel RunLocalTests --resultformat human --outputdir test-results

Option C: Standard controller and the recordSetVar page attribute

Correct Answer.

Explanation:

Using the recordSetVar attribute with a standard controller enables the Visualforce page to access a set of records selected from a list view.

This allows users to edit multiple records.

When comparing Lightning Web Components (LWC) with Visualforce for the View layer in the MVC paradigm, several advantages stand out.

Option A: Self-contained and reusable units of an application

Correct Advantage.

Explanation:

LWCs are built using modular components that encapsulate their own structure, style, and behavior.

Components can be reused across different parts of the application, promoting consistency and reducing development time.

This modularity allows for better maintainability and scalability.

Scenario:

Objects Involved:

Job__c (Master)

Job_Application__c (Detail)

Contact (Related via Master-Detail relationship on Job_Application__c)

Fields:

Preferred_Locations__c (Multi-select picklist on Job__c)

MailingState (Field on Contact)

Requirement:

On Job_Application__c, display whether the Contact's MailingState matches any value in Preferred_Locations__c on the related Job__c.

Keep this value in sync if changes occur to the Contact's MailingState.

Solution:

Option C: Formula field

Correct Approach.

Explanation:

Create a Formula Field on Job_Application__c that compares the Contact's MailingState with the Job's Preferred_Locations__c.

Since Job_Application__c is a detail of Job__c and has a lookup to Contact, the formula can reference fields from both related objects.

Use the INCLUDES() function to check if the MailingState is among the selected values in Preferred_Locations__c.

Sample Formula:

INCLUDES(Job__r.Preferred_Locations__c, Contact__r.MailingState)

This formula returns a Boolean (TRUE or FALSE) indicating whether there's a match.

Benefits:

Real-Time Calculation: Updates automatically when either field changes.

No Code Required: Declarative solution using formula fields.

Maintenance: Easy to manage and update if needed.

To fire an exception in Apex, the developer must use the throw statement along with an instance of the exception.

Option A: throw new ParityException();

Correct Way.

Explanation:

Creates a new instance of ParityException with no message and throws it.

Syntax is correct for throwing an exception.

Option C: throw new ParityException('parity does not match');

Correct Way.

Explanation:

Creates a new instance of ParityException with a custom message and throws it.

The exception class inherits from Exception, which allows passing a message to the constructor.

Options Not Correct:

Option B: new ParityException('parity does not match');

Incorrect.

Explanation:

This statement creates a new instance of ParityException but does not throw it.

Without the throw keyword, the exception is not fired.

Option D: new ParityException();

Incorrect.

Explanation:

Similar to Option B, this creates a new instance but does not throw it.

The exception will not affect the flow unless it is thrown.

Conclusion:

The two ways the developer can fire the exception are:

Option A: throw new ParityException();

Option C: throw new ParityException('parity does not match');

Both use the throw statement to fire the exception.

To add an additional layer of validation for email addresses on Lead records by using automation and possibly an external validation service, the best solution is to use a custom Lightning Web Component (LWC).

Option C: Use a custom Lightning Web Component to make a callout to validate the fields on a third-party system

Real-Time Validation: An LWC can perform client-side validation and make callouts to external systems to validate the email address as the user inputs data.

User Experience: Provides immediate feedback to the user, improving data quality at the point of entry.

Limitations: This solution works when data is entered through the UI using the LWC component.

To ensure that the Food_Preference__c picklist field has a value every time a record is created or updated, marking the field as Required on the field definition is the optimal solution.

Option C: Mark the field as Required on the field definition

Universal Enforcement: Setting the field as required at the field level ensures that it must have a value regardless of how the record is created or updated (UI, API, data import).

Data Integrity: Prevents records from being saved without a value in the picklist field, maintaining data consistency.

No Additional Code: Achieves the requirement declaratively without the need for Apex code.

Understanding the Code:

for (Integer i = 0 ; i < 500; i++) {

Account a = new Account (Name='New Account ' + i);

insert a;

}

What the Code Does:

Loops from i = 0 to i = 499 (total of 500 iterations).

In each iteration:

Creates a new Account record with the name 'New Account ' + i.

Performs an insert DML operation for each account.

Salesforce Governor Limits:

DML Statements Limit:

Maximum of 150 DML statements per Apex transaction.

In the provided code snippet:

Boolean isOK;

Integer x;

String theString = 'Hello';

if (isOK == false && theString == 'Hello') {

x = 1;

} else if (isOK == true && theString == 'Hello') {

x = 2;

} else if (isOK != null && theString == 'Hello') {

x = 3;

} else {

x = 4;

}

Variable Initialization:

Boolean isOK; → Declared but not initialized, so isOK is null.

Integer x; → Declared but not initialized.

String theString = 'Hello'; → Initialized to 'Hello'.

Evaluation of Conditions:

First Condition:

if (isOK == false && theString == 'Hello')

isOK == false → Since isOK is null, this evaluates to false.

Overall condition: false && true → false.

Second Condition:

else if (isOK == true && theString == 'Hello')

isOK == true → Since isOK is null, this evaluates to false.

Overall condition: false && true → false.

Third Condition:

else if (isOK != null && theString == 'Hello')

isOK != null → Since isOK is null, this evaluates to false.

Overall condition: false && true → false.

Else Block:

else {

x = 4;

}

Since none of the previous conditions are met, the else block is executed.

x is assigned the value 4.

Conclusion:

The variable x is assigned the value 4.

References:

Variable Initialization:

"Instance variables are initialized to null. Local variables are not initialized, so their value is undefined until you assign a value."— Apex Developer Guide: Variables

Conditional Statements and Null Values:

"In Apex, comparisons with null are straightforward. If you compare null to a value, the result is false."— Apex Developer Guide: Expressions

In a before insert trigger:

Trigger.old is null.

There is no existing record in the database to reference.

Why Not Other Options:

Option A: Describes Trigger.new.

Option B: The variable is defined but has a null value.

Option D: Trigger.old is not an empty list; it is null.

References:

Trigger Context Variables:

"In insert triggers, Trigger.old is null because the records are new."— Apex Developer Guide: Trigger Context Variables

When importing an Apex method into a Lightning Web Component (LWC), the correct syntax is:

import methodName from '@salesforce/apex/ClassName.methodName';

Option D: import updateAccounts from '@salesforce/apex/AccountController.updateaccounts';

Correct Syntax.

Explanation:

import updateAccounts:

Specifies the JavaScript function name to reference in the LWC.

from '@salesforce/apex/AccountController.updateaccounts';:

Indicates that we are importing from an Apex class named AccountController, and the method is updateaccounts.

Case Sensitivity:

The class and method names are case-sensitive and should match the Apex code.

To troubleshoot query performance issues:

Option B: Developer Console

Explanation: The Developer Console provides tools like the Query Plan to analyze SOQL queries for performance.

Using Query Plan Tool:

Open Developer Console.

Go to the Query Editor.

Enter your SOQL query.

Click on "Explain" to see the query plan.

Option A: Create a Custom Permission for the users.

True.

Explanation:

Custom Permissions can be used to control access to specific functionality.

By assigning the custom permission to a small group of users, the form's availability is restricted.

To send Opportunity values via an HTTP REST callout when a user presses a custom button in Lightning Experience:

Option B: Create a custom Visualforce quick action

Explanation:

A Visualforce page with a custom controller can perform the callout.

The Visualforce page can be added as a quick action on the Opportunity page.