220-1101 Exam Dumps - CompTIA A+ Certification Exam: Core 1

A spam gateway is a software solution that filters email messages based on various criteria, such as sender, recipient, subject, content, attachments, and URLs. A spam gateway categorizes incoming network messages as spam or non-spam, and either blocks, quarantines, or delivers them accordingly. A spam gateway can help protect email servers and users from malicious or unwanted emails, such as phishing, malware, or advertising.

A. Serves as a repository for email routing logs. This is not the primary function of a spam gateway. Email routing logs are records of the path and status of email messages as they travel through the network. Email routing logs can help troubleshoot email delivery issues, but they do not filter or categorize email messages.

B. Blocks unrequested ICMP packets from external networks. This is not the primary function of a spam gateway. ICMP (Internet Control Message Protocol) packets are used to communicate network information, such as errors, requests, or replies. Blocking unrequested ICMP packets from external networks can help prevent network scanning or denial-of-service attacks, but it does not filter or categorize email messages.

D. Mitigates DDoS attacks. This is not the primary function of a spam gateway. DDoS (Distributed Denial-of-Service) attacks are attempts to overwhelm a network or server with a large amount of traffic from multiple sources. Mitigating DDoS attacks can help maintain network availability and performance, but it does not filter or categorize email messages.

The most likely answer is A. Change the resolution settings.

The error “Out of Range” normally means that the resolution being output by the computer is not compatible with the projector. The resolution is the number of pixels that are displayed on the screen. If the resolution is too high for the projector, it may not be able to display the image correctly or at all12.

To resolve this issue, you should try lowering the resolution settings on your laptop to match the native resolution of the projector or a lower one. You can do this by following these steps1:

•Right-click on an empty area of your desktop and select Display settings.

•Under Scale and layout, click on Display resolution and choose a lower option from the drop-down menu.

•Click Apply and then Keep changes.

•Reconnect your laptop to the projector and check if the image is displayed properly.

If changing the resolution settings does not help, you may need to check other factors, such as the video cable, the display settings, or the video card driver. However, these are less likely to cause the “Out of Range” error than the resolution settings.

DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) is a network service that automatically assigns IP addresses and other configuration parameters to devices that request them. DHCP simplifies the management of IP addresses and avoids conflicts and errors67. An APIPA (Automatic Private IP Addressing) is a feature of Windows that assigns a default IP address in the range of 169.254.x.x to a device when it cannot obtain a valid IP address from a DHCP server. An APIPA indicates that there is a problem with the DHCP service or the network connectivity between the device and the DHCP server89. Therefore, the technician should investigate the DHCP service first to check if it is running, configured correctly, and has enough available IP addresses to assign. The other services are not directly related to the IP address assignment. RADIUS (Remote Authentication Dial-In User Service) is a protocol that provides centralized authentication, authorization, and accounting for network access10. AAA (Authentication, Authorization, and Accounting) is a framework that controls the access and usage of network resources11. DNS (Domain Name System) is a service that resolves domain names into IP addresses12.

References

6: What is DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol)? - Definition from WhatIs.com

7: How DHCP works - Windows Server | Microsoft Docs

8: What is APIPA (Automatic Private IP Addressing)? - Definition from WhatIs.com

9: How to Fix an IP Address Conflict

10: What is RADIUS (Remote Authentication Dial-In User Service)? - Definition from WhatIs.com

11: What is AAA (authentication, authorization, and accounting)? - Definition from WhatIs.com

12: What is DNS (Domain Name System)? - Definition from WhatIs.com

The most likely component that is failing and causing the PC to overheat is D. CPU fan. The CPU fan is a vital part of the cooling system that prevents the CPU from overheating by blowing air over the heatsink and dissipating the heat. If the CPU fan is faulty, noisy, or clogged with dust, it can reduce the airflow and cause the CPU temperature to rise12. This can result in poor performance, instability, or shutdowns of the PC.

The other components are less likely to be the cause of overheating. RAM, motherboard, and SSD do not generate as much heat as the CPU and usually do not require fans to cool them down1. They may overheat if there is poor ventilation in the case or if they are defective, but they are not as common as a failing CPU fan.

Therefore, the correct answer is D. CPU fan. This is the most likely component that is failing and causing the PC to overheat.

The correct answer is D. Graphics card.

A graphics card is a component that handles the processing and rendering of 3D graphics on a PC. A graphics card can significantly improve the performance and quality of 3D design software, as it can handle complex calculations and display high-resolution images faster than the CPU. A graphics card can also support features such as ray tracing, anti-aliasing, and texture mapping, which can enhance the realism and detail of 3D models.

A. Motherboard. This is not a correct answer. A motherboard is a component that connects and communicates with all the other components in a PC. A motherboard does not directly affect the performance or quality of 3D design software, unless it is incompatible or outdated with the other components.

B. CPU. This is not a correct answer. A CPU is a component that executes instructions and calculations for various programs on a PC. A CPU can affect the performance and quality of 3D design software, but not as much as a graphics card. A CPU is more important for tasks such as compiling, encoding, or multitasking, which are not specific to 3D design.

C. Power supply. This is not a correct answer. A power supply is a component that converts AC power from the wall outlet to DC power for the PC components. A power supply does not directly affect the performance or quality of 3D design software, unless it is insufficient or faulty to provide enough power for the other components.

E. Memory. This is not a correct answer. Memory is a component that stores data temporarily for fast access by the CPU and other components. Memory can affect the performance and quality of 3D design software, but not as much as a graphics card. Memory is more important for tasks such as loading, saving, or switching between programs, which are not specific to 3D design.

The best practice methodology for troubleshooting is to follow these steps:

Identify the problem.

Establish a theory of probable cause.

Test the theory to determine cause.

Establish a plan of action to resolve the problem and implement the solution.

Verify full system functionality and implement preventive measures.

Document the findings, actions, and outcomes. Since the technician has already verified full system functionality and implemented preventive measures, the next step is to document the findings, actions, and outcomes. Verified References: CompTIA A+ Certification Exam Objectives, page 8.

The most likely cause of the failure is A. Thermal paste was not used.

Thermal paste, also known as thermal grease or thermal compound, is a substance that is applied between the CPU and the heat sink to improve the heat transfer and cooling of the CPU. Thermal paste fills the gaps and irregularities between the CPU and the heat sink, creating a better contact and reducing the thermal resistance .

According to some web search results , some signs and symptoms of not using thermal paste or using it incorrectly are:

•The CPU overheats and slows down or shuts down to prevent damage

•The CPU fan spins faster and louder to try to cool down the CPU

•The PC performance drops or becomes unstable

•The PC crashes or displays errors or blue screens

To fix this issue, the technician should apply thermal paste properly between the CPU and the heat sink, following these steps :

•Turn off the PC and unplug it from the power source

•Open the PC case and locate the CPU fan and heat sink

•Remove the CPU fan and heat sink from the motherboard

•Clean the surfaces of the CPU and heat sink with a lint-free cloth and alcohol

•Apply a small amount of thermal paste (about the size of a grain of rice) in the center of the CPU

•Reattach the heat sink and CPU fan to the motherboard, making sure they are aligned and secured

•Close the PC case and plug it back to the power source

The GPU needs additional power, the memory is insufficient, or the motherboard is incompatible are not likely causes of the failure, since they would not cause the PC to overheat and shut down after a few minutes. The GPU needs additional power if it has a high power consumption that exceeds the capacity of the power supply or the PCIe slot. The memory is insufficient if it cannot handle the applications or tasks that are running on the PC. The motherboard is incompatible if it does not support the CPU, RAM, or other components that are installed on it. These issues may cause poor performance, errors, or crashes, but not overheating and shutting down.

An 8-pin PCIe (Peripheral Component Interconnect Express) power cable is required to provide adequate power to each GPU in an SLI (Scalable Link Interface) configuration. High-performance GPUs often require more power than the PCIe slot on the motherboard can supply, necessitating additional power directly from the power supply. The 8-pin PCIe connector can deliver more power than the standard 6-pin connector, making it suitable for high-end graphics cards commonly used in SLI configurations. This requirement is consistent with the hardware installation and configuration principles covered in the CompTIA A+ Core 1 (220-1101) Exam Objectives, particularly in sections dealing with hardware components and their installation .