350-701 Exam Dumps - Implementing and Operating Cisco Security Core Technologies (SCOR 350-701)

Southbound APIs are used to communicate between the SDN Controller and the switches and routers of the network. They can be open-source or proprietary. They facilitate control over the network and enable the SDN Controller to dynamically make changes according to real-time demands and needs. OpenFlow and OpFlex are two examples of southbound APIs. OpenFlow, which was developed by the Open Networking Foundation (ONF), is the first and probably most well-known southbound interface. OpenFlow defines the way the SDN Controller should interact with the forwarding plane to make adjustments to the network, so it can better adapt to changing business requirements. With OpenFlow, entries can be added and removed to the internal flow-table of switches and routers to make the network more responsive to real-time traffic demands. OpFlex, which was proposed by Cisco, is another southbound interface that uses a declarative model to communicate policies and state between the controller and the network devices. OpFlex allows the network devices to retain some intelligence and autonomy, while still being managed by the controller. OpFlex is designed to be flexible and extensible, and can support different types of network devices and services. Services running over the network, external application APIs, and applications running over the network are not southbound APIs, as they do not directly communicate between the controller and the network devices. Therefore, the correct answer is B and E. References :=

Some possible references are:

• What are SDN Southbound APIs? - Where they are used. - SDxCentral
• SDN North-bound and South-bound APIs and Interfaces
• Cisco Application Centric Infrastructure Fundamentals

 The RADIUS CoA feature supports the IETF attribute 24 State, which is used to identify the session for which the CoA request is intended. The State attribute is sent by the device in the Access-Accept message and must be echoed back by the RADIUS server in the CoA-Request message. The other attributes are not supported for the RADIUS CoA feature.

To understand the concept of RADIUS CoA and the supported attributes, you can refer to the following sections of the source book:

• Section 1.1.2: Describe the concepts of network security
• Section 1.1.2.6: Describe the concepts of RADIUS CoA
• Section 1.1.2.7: Describe the concepts of supported IETF attributes

References:

• Implementing and Operating Cisco Security Core Technologies (SCOR) v1.0
• RADIUS Change of Authorization - Cisco
• RADIUS attribute for change of authorization - Ruckus Networks

Cisco Umbrella Investigate is a cloud-based service that provides interactive threat intelligence on domains, IPs, and files. It helps security analysts to uncover the attacker’s infrastructure and predict future threats by analyzing the relationships and evolution of internet domains, IPs, and files. It also integrates with other Cisco security solutions, such as Cisco Secure Network Analytics, Cisco Secure Cloud Analytics, and Cisco pxGrid, to provide a holistic view of the network and cloud security posture. Cisco Umbrella Investigate is based on the data collected by Cisco Umbrella, which processes more than 620 billion DNS requests per day from over 190 countries. Cisco Umbrella Investigate uses statistical and machine learning models to automatically score and classify the data, and provides a risk score for each domain, IP, and file, along with the contributing factors and historical context. Cisco Umbrella Investigate also allows security analysts to query the data using a web-based console or an API, and to visualize the results using graphs, tables, and maps. Cisco Umbrella Investigate is the most complete and interactive threat intelligence solution that helps to prevent cyber attacks before they happen. References :=

Some possible references are:

• Cisco Umbrella Investigate
• Cyber Attack Prevention - Cisco Umbrella
• Cisco Umbrella Investigate - Cisco Umbrella

Workload security models refer to the ways of protecting applications, services, and capabilities that run on a cloud resource. There are different types of cloud deployment models, such as public, private, hybrid, and multicloud, and different types of cloud service models, such as IaaS, PaaS, and SaaS. However, these are not workload security models, but rather ways of describing the cloud environment and the level of abstraction. Workload security models are more focused on the location and ownership of the workloads, and how they are secured. The two main workload security models are off-premises and on-premises. Off-premises workload security model means that the workloads are hosted and managed by a third-party cloud service provider, such as AWS, Azure, or GCP. The cloud service provider is responsible for the security of the underlying infrastructure, such as the physical servers, network devices, storage systems, and hypervisors. The customer is responsible for the security of the workloads themselves, such as the guest operating systems, applications, data, and users. The customer can use various tools and techniques to secure their workloads, such as encryption, firewalls, identity and access management, vulnerability scanning, and logging and monitoring. On-premises workload security model means that the workloads are hosted and managed by the customer on their own data center or private cloud. The customer is responsible for the security of both the infrastructure and the workloads, and has full control and visibility over them. The customer can use similar tools and techniques as the off-premises model, but also has to deal with the physical security, network security, and compliance requirements of their own environment. References:

• What Is Workload Security? On-Premises, Cloud, Kubernetes, and More
• What is Cloud Workload Security? - CyberArk
• What is Cloud Workload Protection? | Workload Security | VMware
• What is Cloud Workload Security? - Check Point Software
• Introduction To Classic Security Models - GeeksforGeeks

Microsegmentation is a technology that limits communication between nodes on the same network segment to individual applications by creating secure zones across cloud and data center environments. Microsegmentation isolates application workloads from one another and secures them individually with granular firewall policies based on a zero-trust security approach1. Microsegmentation can reduce the attack surface, prevent the lateral movement of threats, and strengthen regulatory compliance1.

Serverless infrastructure is a technology that allows developers to run code without provisioning or managing servers2. Serverless infrastructure does not limit communication between nodes on the same network segment to individual applications, but rather abstracts away the underlying infrastructure from the application logic.

SaaS deployment is a technology that delivers software applications over the internet as a service3. SaaS deployment does not limit communication between nodes on the same network segment to individual applications, but rather provides access to software applications from any device and location.

Machine-to-machine firewalling is a technology that controls the communication between machines or devices on a network. Machine-to-machine firewalling does not limit communication between nodes on the same network segment to individual applications, but rather applies rules to the traffic between machines or devices based on their IP addresses, ports, protocols, or other criteria.

References :=

• What Is Micro-Segmentation? - Cisco
• What is serverless?
• What is SaaS?
• [Machine-to-Machine Firewalling]

Mobile device management (MDM) is a toolset that provides a workforce with mobile productivity tools and applications while keeping corporate data secure1. One of the essential capabilities of an MDM solution is the unified management of mobile devices, Macs, and PCs from a centralized dashboard2. This allows IT and security departments to manage all of a company’s devices, regardless of their operating system, and perform tasks such as provisioning, configuration, update, lock, wipe, and troubleshoot2. Another important capability of an MDM solution is the enforcement of device security policies from a centralized dashboard3. This enables IT and security departments to protect the device’s applications, data, and content, and ensure compliance with organizational and regulatory standards3. For example, an MDM solution can set minimum password strength, encrypt data, restrict access, and detect threats3.

References: 1: What is Mobile Device Management (MDM)? | IBM 2: 5 Essential Capabilities of an MDM Solution | Macworld 3: What is device management? | Microsoft Learn

 A CI/CD pipeline is a process of automating the development, testing, and deployment of software applications. A CI/CD pipeline typically involves multiple tools and stages, such as source code management, build automation, testing, security scanning, and deployment. To secure a CI/CD pipeline, one of the best practices is to avoid hardcoding secrets in config files and CI/CD build tools, and instead use a secure access solution that can authenticate and authorize the access to the pipeline resources.

Duo Network Gateway is a cloud-based solution that provides secure access to internal web applications without requiring a VPN or modifying firewall rules. Duo Network Gateway integrates with Duo’s two-factor authentication (2FA) service to verify the identity of users and devices before granting access to the web applications. Duo Network Gateway also supports single sign-on (SSO) and identity federation with various identity providers, such as Active Directory, Azure AD, Google, and Okta.

By using Duo Network Gateway, you can leverage a CI/CD pipeline without exposing your internal web applications to the internet or compromising security. Duo Network Gateway can protect access to your source code repositories, build servers, testing tools, and deployment platforms. You can also enforce granular access policies based on user roles, device health, location, and time. Duo Network Gateway can help you achieve compliance with industry standards and regulations, such as PCI DSS, HIPAA, and GDPR.

The other options are not as suitable for securing access to a CI/CD pipeline as Duo Network Gateway. A remote access client is a software that allows users to connect to a remote network or server, such as a VPN client. However, a VPN client may not provide sufficient security for a CI/CD pipeline, as it may expose the entire network to potential attacks, or require complex firewall configurations and network segmentation. A VPN client may also introduce performance and reliability issues, as it depends on the quality and availability of the network connection.

SSL WebVPN is a feature of Cisco Adaptive Security Appliance (ASA) that allows users to access web-based resources securely over SSL/TLS. SSL WebVPN can provide secure access to web applications, email, file shares, and other network services. However, SSL WebVPN may not be able to support all the tools and stages of a CI/CD pipeline, as some of them may require non-web protocols, such as SSH, RDP, or VNC. SSL WebVPN may also require additional licenses and hardware resources to support a large number of concurrent users and connections.

Cisco FTD network gateway is a unified platform that combines the features of Cisco ASA and Cisco Firepower. Cisco FTD network gateway can provide firewall, intrusion prevention, malware protection, and VPN services. Cisco FTD network gateway can also integrate with Cisco Identity Services Engine (ISE) to provide identity-based access control and visibility. However, Cisco FTD network gateway may not be the best solution for securing access to a CI/CD pipeline, as it may require complex network design and deployment, and may not support all the CI/CD tools and protocols. Cisco FTD network gateway may also incur additional costs and maintenance efforts.

References := : Secure CI/CD Pipelines: Best Practices for Managing CI/CD Secrets : Duo Network Gateway | Duo Security : VPN vs. Duo Network Gateway | Duo Security : SSL VPN Deployment Guide for Cisco ASA - Cisco : Cisco Firepower Threat Defense Configuration Guide for Firepower Device Manager, Version 6.7 - VPN Overview [Cisco Firepower NGFW]