4A0-100 Exam Dumps - Nokia IP Networksand Services Fundamentals

Route summarization (a.k.a. supernetting)is the process ofcombining multiple contiguous subnetsinto asingle summarized route, which:

Reduces routing table entries

Enhances scalability and efficiency

Minimizes instability by localizing route changes

Option A is falsebecauseit describes subnetting, not summarization. Summarization works in theopposite direction– combining smaller routes into a larger one.

TheNokia 7750 SR architectureseparates its operations intocontrol planeanddata planefunctions.

TheData Planeincludes hardware components responsible for forwarding traffic at line rate. These components include:

MDA (Media Dependent Adapter)– interfaces with physical media.

IOM (Input/Output Module)– performs high-speed packet forwarding and processing.

XMA (eXpandable Media Adapter)– extends port capacity and media support.

TheControl Planeincludes theCPM (Control Processor Module), which is responsible for running routing protocols, managing configuration, system operations, and other control-related functions. The CPM does not participate in data forwarding and is thusnot part of the data plane.

BGP (Border Gateway Protocol)uses amulti-step decision processto select the best route among multiple paths. It doesnot use SPF or simple metrics like hop count.

Key BGP selection criteria include:

Local preference

AS path length

Origin type

MED (Multi-Exit Discriminator)

eBGP over iBGP

IGP metric to next hop

Option C is correct– BGP evaluatesmultiple attributesfor route selection.

OSPF (Open Shortest Path First)is aLink-State protocolthat uses:

Cost (based on bandwidth)as its metric.

Dijkstra’s algorithmto compute shortest path trees.

Supportshierarchical routing with areas(e.g., Area 0 as backbone).

Routers exchangeLSAs, not full routing tables.

Option D is FALSE– OSPF doesnot use hop-count. That’s aRIP (Distance Vector)feature.

AMAC address(Media Access Control address) is a 48-bit identifier typically expressed in six groups of two hexadecimal digits (e.g., 00-20-60-CE-2B-28). It consists of two key parts:

OUI (Organizationally Unique Identifier)– The first24 bits(or first 3 octets, e.g., 00-20-60) are assigned by theIEEE to hardware manufacturers. This identifies the vendor or manufacturer.

Device Identifier (NIC Specific)– The remaining24 bits(e.g., CE-2B-28) are assigned uniquely by the vendor to each device/interface.

So in the address 00-20-60-CE-2B-28:

00-20-60 is theOUI

CE-2B-28 is thedevice-specific portion

Thus, the correct answer isD. 00-20-60.