CISM Exam Dumps - Certified Information Security Manager

Asset classification is the process of assigning a value to information assets based on their importance to the organization and the potential impact of their compromise, loss or damage1. Asset classification helps to determine the level of protection required for assets, which is proportional to their value and sensitivity2. Asset classification also facilitates risk assessment and management, as well as compliance with legal, regulatory and contractual requirements3. Asset classification does not primarily determine the insurance coverage, priority for replacement, or replacement cost of assets, as these factors depend on other criteria such as risk appetite, business impact, availability and market value4. References = 1: CISM - Information Asset Classification Flashcards | Quizlet 2: CISM Exam Content Outline | CISM Certification | ISACA 3: CIS Control 1: Inventory and Control of Enterprise Assets 4: CISSP versus the CISM Certification | ISC2

= Documenting incident notification and escalation processes is the most critical step when creating an incident response plan, as this ensures that the appropriate stakeholders are informed and involved in the response process. Identifying vulnerable data assets, what constitutes an incident, and aligning with the risk assessment process are important, but not as critical as documenting the communication and escalation procedures. References = CISM Review Manual 2023, page 1631; CISM Review Questions, Answers & Explanations Manual 2023, page 282

 A gap assessment is the best way to demonstrate that an information security program provides appropriate coverage, as it compares the current state of the information security program with the desired state based on the organization’s objectives, policies, standards, and regulations. A gap assessment can identify the strengths and weaknesses of the information security program, as well as the areas that need improvement or alignment. A gap assessment can also provide recommendations and action plans to close the gaps and achieve the desired level of information security coverage.

The other options are not as good as a gap assessment, as they do not provide a comprehensive and holistic view of the information security coverage. Security risk analysis is a process to identify and evaluate the risks to the information assets and the impact of potential threats and vulnerabilities. It can help to prioritize and mitigate the risks, but it does not measure the compliance or performance of the information security program. Maturity assessment is a process to measure the level of maturity of the information security program based on a predefined model or framework. It can help to benchmark and improve the information security program, but it does not account for the specific needs and expectations of the organization. Vulnerability scan report is a document that shows the results of a scan on the network or system to identify the existing or potential vulnerabilities. It can help to validate and improve the technical security, but it does not assess the non-technical aspects of information security, such as governance, policies, or awareness. References =

CISM Review Manual, 16th Edition, ISACA, 2022, pp. 211-212, 215-216, 233-234, 237-238.

CISM Questions, Answers & Explanations Database, ISACA, 2022, QID 1015.

CISM domain 3: Information security program development and management [2022 update], Infosec Certifications, 2.

 A recovery point objective (RPO) is required in a disaster recovery plan (DRP), because it indicates the earliest point in time to which it is acceptable to recover data after a disaster. It effectively quantifies the permissible amount of data loss in case of interruption. It is determined based on the acceptable data loss in case of disruption of operations1. A DRP is a document that defines the procedures, resources, and actions to restore the critical IT systems and data in the event of a disaster that affects the normal operations of the organization2. A DRP should include the RPO for each critical system and data, as well as the backup and restoration methods, frequency, and location to achieve the RPO3.

A RPO is not required in an information security plan, an incident response plan, or a business continuity plan (BCP), because these plans have different purposes and scopes. An information security plan is a document that defines the objectives, policies, standards, and guidelines for information security management in the organization4. An incident response plan is a document that defines the procedures, roles, and responsibilities for identifying, analyzing, responding to, and learning from security incidents that may compromise the confidentiality, integrity, or availability of information assets. A BCP is a document that defines the procedures, resources, and actions to ensure the continuity of the essential business functions and processes in the event of a disruption that affects the normal operations of the organization. These plans may include other metrics, such as recovery time objective (RTO), which is the amount of time after a disaster in which business operation is resumed, or resources are again available for use, but they do not require a RPO.

References = 1: IS Disaster Recovery Objectives – RunModule 2: Information System Contingency Planning Guidance - ISACA 3: CISM Certified Information Security Manager – Question1411 4: CISM Review Manual, 16th Edition, ISACA, 2021, page 23. : CISM Review Manual, 16th Edition, ISACA, 2021, page 223. : CISM Review Manual, 16th Edition, ISACA, 2021, page 199. : RTO vs. RPO – What is the difference? - Advisera

 Maintaining a chain of custody is the most important step when conducting a forensic investigation, as this ensures that the evidence is preserved, protected, and documented from the time of collection to the time of presentation in court. A chain of custody provides a record of who handled the evidence, when, where, why, and how, and prevents any tampering, alteration, or loss of the evidence. A chain of custody also establishes the authenticity, reliability, and admissibility of the evidence in legal proceedings. Analyzing system memory, documenting analysis steps, and capturing full system images are also important, but not as important as maintaining a chain of custody, as they do not guarantee the integrity and validity of the evidence. References = CISM Review Manual 2023, page 1701; CISM Review Questions, Answers & Explanations Manual 2023, page 332; ISACA CISM - iSecPrep, page 183

The underlying reason for the user error is the most important factor to determine during the post-incident review, as this helps the information security manager to understand the root cause of the breach, and to implement corrective and preventive actions to avoid similar incidents in the future. The underlying reason for the user error may be related to the lack of training, awareness, guidance, or motivation of the user, or to the complexity, usability, or design of the system or process that the user was using. By identifying the underlying reason for the user error, the information security manager can address the human factor of the information security program, and improve the security culture and behavior of the organization. The time and location that the breach occurred, evidence of previous incidents caused by the user, and appropriate disciplinary procedures for user error are not the most important factors to determine during the post-incident review, as they do not provide a comprehensive and holistic understanding of the breach, and may not help to prevent or reduce the likelihood or impact of future incidents. References = CISM Review Manual 2023, page 1671; CISM Review Questions, Answers & Explanations Manual 2023, page 382; ISACA CISM - iSecPrep, page 233

The best way to achieve compliance with new global regulations related to the protection of personal information is to determine the current and desired state of controls, as this helps the information security manager to identify the gaps and requirements for compliance, and to prioritize and implement the necessary actions and measures to meet the regulatory standards. The current state of controls refers to the existing level of protection and compliance of the personal information, while the desired state of controls refers to the target level of protection and compliance that is required by the new regulations. By comparing the current and desired state of controls, the information security manager can assess the maturity and effectiveness of the information security program, and plan and execute a risk treatment plan to address the risks and issues related to the protection of personal information. Executing a risk treatment plan, reviewing contracts and statements of work (SOWs) with vendors, and implementing data regionalization controls are also important, but not as important as determining the current and desired state of controls, as they are dependent on the outcome of the gap analysis and the risk assessment, and may not be sufficient or appropriate to achieve compliance with the new regulations. References = CISM Review Manual 2023, page 491; CISM Review Questions, Answers & Explanations Manual 2023, page 352; ISACA CISM - iSecPrep, page 203

= Initiating the organization’s incident response process is the best course of action for the information security manager when a cloud application used by the organization is found to have a serious vulnerability. The incident response process is a set of predefined steps and procedures that aim to contain, analyze, resolve, and learn from security incidents. The information security manager should follow the incident response process to ensure that the vulnerability is properly reported, assessed, mitigated, and communicated to the relevant stakeholders. The incident response process should also involve the cloud service provider (CSP) and the business owner of the application, as they are responsible for the security and functionality of the cloud application. Instructing the vendor to conduct penetration testing, suspending the connection to the application in the firewall, and reporting the situation to the business owner of the application are all possible actions that may be taken as part of the incident response process, but they are not the best initial course of action. Penetration testing may help to identify the root cause and the impact of the vulnerability, but it may also cause further damage or disruption to the cloud application. Suspending the connection to the application in the firewall may prevent unauthorized access or exploitation of the vulnerability, but it may also affect the availability and continuity of the cloud application. Reporting the situation to the business owner of the application is an important step to inform them of the risk and the potential business impact, but it is not sufficient to address the vulnerability and its consequences. Therefore, the information security manager should initiate the incident response process as the best course of action, and then perform the other actions as appropriate based on the incident response plan and the risk assessment. References = CISM Review Manual 2023, page 211 1; CISM Practice Quiz 2