CV0-003 Exam Dumps - CompTIA Cloud+ Certification Exam

DNS (Domain Name System) is a service that translates human-friendly domain names into IP addresses that can be used to communicate over the Internet1. However, DNS queries and responses are usually sent in plain text, which means that anyone who can intercept the network traffic can see the domain names that the users are requesting. This poses a threat to the confidentiality and privacy of the users and their online activities2.

To ensure confidentiality between the DNS server and an upstream DNS provider, a technician should configure DOH (DNS over HTTPS). DOH is a protocol that encrypts DNS queries and responses using HTTPS (Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure), which is a secure version of HTTP that uses SSL/TLS (Secure Sockets Layer/Transport Layer Security) to protect the data in transit3. By using DOH, the technician can prevent eavesdropping, tampering, or spoofing of DNS traffic by malicious actors3.

The other options are not the best steps to ensure confidentiality between the DNS server and an upstream DNS provider:

Option A: Enable DNSSEC (DNS Security Extensions). DNSSEC is a set of extensions that add digital signatures to DNS records, which can be used to verify the authenticity and integrity of the DNS data. DNSSEC can prevent DNS cache poisoning attacks, where an attacker inserts false DNS records into a DNS server’s cache, redirecting users to malicious websites. However, DNSSEC does not encrypt or hide the DNS queries and responses, so it does not provide confidentiality for DNS traffic2.

Option B: Implement single sign-on (SSO). SSO is a mechanism that allows users to access multiple services or applications with one set of credentials, such as a username and password. SSO can simplify the authentication process and reduce the risk of password compromise or phishing attacks. However, SSO does not affect the communication between the DNS server and an upstream DNS provider, so it does not provide confidentiality for DNS traffic.

Option D: Set up DNS over SSL (DNS over Secure Sockets Layer). This option is not a valid protocol for securing DNS traffic. SSL is a deprecated protocol that has been replaced by TLS (Transport Layer Security), which is more secure and robust. The correct protocol for encrypting DNS traffic using SSL/TLS is DOH (DNS over HTTPS), as explained above.

Detailed Explanation:

D. Penetration testing: Penetration tests simulate real-world attacks to uncover vulnerabilities and evaluate the likelihood of exploitation, providing actionable insights for remediation.

References:

CompTIA Cloud+ CV0-003 Study Guide Chapter 10: Incident Response Procedures​​.

 Incremental backups only back up the files that have changed since the last backup, which minimizes the backup time and the performance impact on the application. Differential backups back up all the files that have changed since the last full backup, which can take longer and consume more storage space. Database dump and full backups are not suitable for weekday requirements, as they back up the entire database or filesystem, which can be time-consuming and resource-intensive.

References: CompTIA Cloud+ CV0-003 Exam Objectives, Objective 3.3: Given a scenario, implement backup, restore, disaster recovery and business continuity solutions

The correct answer is C. Anti-affinity rule.

An anti-affinity rule is a configuration option that prevents two or more virtual machines (VMs) from running on the same physical host. This can improve the availability and fault tolerance of the VMs, as it reduces the risk of losing multiple VMs due to a single host failure. An anti-affinity rule can also improve the performance and load balancing of the VMs, as it distributes the workload across different hosts and avoids resource contention .

A round-robin method is a load balancing algorithm that distributes incoming requests to a pool of servers in a circular order. A round-robin method does not consider the availability, capacity, or location of the servers, and may assign requests to servers that are overloaded, offline, or far away. A round-robin method does not ensure that each node runs on a different physical server.

A live migration is a process that allows moving a running VM from one physical host to another without interrupting its operation. A live migration can improve the availability and performance of the VMs, as it enables dynamic load balancing, maintenance, and disaster recovery. However, a live migration does not prevent two or more VMs from running on the same physical host in the first place.

A priority queue is a data structure that stores elements based on their priority values. A priority queue allows inserting and removing elements in order of their priority, such that the element with the highest priority is always at the front of the queue. A priority queue can be used to implement scheduling algorithms for processes or tasks, but it does not affect where they run on physical servers.

A network access control list (ACL) is a set of rules that controls the inbound and outbound traffic for a network interface or a subnet. A deny rule can be used to block or filter the traffic from a specific source or destination, such as an IP address, a port number, or a protocol. By adding a deny rule to the network ACL, a systems administrator can prevent the communication between the compromised instance and the attacker, or between the compromised instance and other instances or servers. This can help to contain the security incident and limit the potential damage or data loss. A deny rule can also be used to isolate the compromised instance for further investigation or remediation. References: CompTIA Cloud+ CV0-003 Study Guide, Chapter 5: Maintaining a Cloud Environment, page 222-223; What is a network access control list (ACL)?.

The best answer is A. Rightsizing.

Rightsizing is the process of restructuring a company so it can make a profit more efficiently and meet updated business objectives1. Organizations will usually rightsize their business by reducing their workforce, reorganizing upper management, cutting costs, and changing job roles2.

Rightsizing can help solve the issue of VMs constantly ballooning, while the memory usage of several other VMs is significantly lower than their resource allocation. Ballooning is a memory reclamation technique used when ESXi host runs out of memory. It involves a balloon driver that consumes unused memory within the VM’s address space and makes it available for other uses by the host machine3. However, ballooning can also degrade the performance of the VMs and cause swapping or paging4.

By rightsizing the VMs, the systems administrator can adjust the memory allocation according to the actual demand and usage of each VM. This can prevent overprovisioning or underprovisioning of memory resources and improve the efficiency and profitability of the company. Rightsizing can also help avoid redundancies, streamline workflows, and make better hiring decisions1.

Detailed Explanation:

A. Selecting a machine with more resources: Upgrading to servers with higher compute, memory, or network capacity allows the infrastructure to handle greater throughput without increasing the server count.

References:

CompTIA Cloud+ CV0-003 Study Guide Chapter 18: Optimizing Cloud Environments​​.

Detailed Explanation:

D. vCPU, vGPU, subscriptions, storage, bandwidth, licensing: These metrics are critical for capacity planning as they address computational, storage, and licensing requirements, as well as bandwidth constraints.

References:

CompTIA Cloud+ CV0-003 Study Guide Chapter 2: Capacity Planning​​.