DOP-C02 Exam Dumps - AWS Certified DevOps Engineer - Professional

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Question # 57

A DevOps engineer uses AWS CodeBuild to frequently produce software packages. The CodeBuild project builds large Docker images that the DevOps engineer can use across multiple builds. The DevOps engineer wants to improve build performance and minimize costs. Which solution will meet these requirements?

Store the Docker images in an Amazon Elastic Container Registry (Amazon ECR) repository. Implement a local Docker layer cache for CodeBuild.

Cache the Docker images in an Amazon S3 bucket that is available across multiple build hosts. Expire the cache by using an S3 Lifecycle policy.

Store the Docker images in an Amazon Elastic Container Registry (Amazon ECR) repository. Modify the CodeBuild project runtime configuration to always use the most recent image version.

Create custom AMIs that contain the cached Docker images. In the CodeBuild build, launch Amazon EC2 instances from the custom AMIs.

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Question # 58

A software team is using AWS CodePipeline to automate its Java application release pipeline The pipeline consists of a source stage, then a build stage, and then a deploy stage. Each stage contains a single action that has a runOrder value of 1.

The team wants to integrate unit tests into the existing release pipeline. The team needs a solution that deploys only the code changes that pass all unit tests.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Modify the build stage. Add a test action that has a runOrder value of 1. Use AWS CodeDeploy as the action provider to run unit tests.

Modify the build stage Add a test action that has a runOrder value of 2 Use AWS CodeBuild as the action provider to run unit tests

Modify the deploy stage Add a test action that has a runOrder value of 1 Use AWS CodeDeploy as the action provider to run unit tests

Modify the deploy stage Add a test action that has a runOrder value of 2 Use AWS CodeBuild as the action provider to run unit tests

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Question # 59

A DevOps engineer is creating an AWS CloudFormation template to deploy a web service. The web service will run on Amazon EC2 instances in a private subnet behindan Application Load Balancer (ALB). The DevOps engineer must ensure that the service can accept requests from clients that have IPv6 addresses.

What should the DevOps engineer do with the CloudFormation template so that IPv6 clients can access the web service?

Add an IPv6 CIDR block to the VPC and the private subnet for the EC2 instances. Create route table entries for the IPv6 network, use EC2 instance types that support IPv6, and assign IPv6 addresses to each EC2 instance.

Assign each EC2 instance an IPv6 Elastic IP address. Create a target group, and add the EC2 instances as targets. Create a listener on port 443 of the ALB, and associate the target group with the ALB.

Replace the ALB with a Network Load Balancer (NLB). Add an IPv6 CIDR block to the VPC and subnets for the NLB, and assign the NLB an IPv6 Elastic IP address.

Add an IPv6 CIDR block to the VPC and subnets for the ALB. Create a listener on port 443. and specify the dualstack IP address type on the ALB. Create a target group, and add the EC2 instances as targets. Associate the target group with the ALB.

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Question # 60

A company is performing vulnerability scanning for all Amazon EC2 instances across many accounts. The accounts are in an organization in AWS Organizations. Each account's VPCs are attached to a shared transit gateway. The VPCs send traffic to the internet through a central egress VPC. The company has enabled Amazon Inspector in a delegated administrator account and has enabled scanning for all member accounts.

A DevOps engineer discovers that some EC2 instances are listed in the "not scanning" tab in Amazon Inspector.

Which combination of actions should the DevOps engineer take to resolve this issue? (Choose three.)

Verify that AWS Systems Manager Agent is installed and is running on the EC2 instances that Amazon Inspector is not scanning.

Associate the target EC2 instances with security groups that allow outbound communication on port 443 to the AWS Systems Manager service endpoint.

Grant inspector: StartAssessmentRun permissions to the IAM role that the DevOps engineer is using.

Configure EC2 Instance Connect for the EC2 instances that Amazon Inspector is not scanning.

Associate the target EC2 instances with instance profiles that grant permissions to communicate with AWS Systems Manager.

Create a managed-instance activation. Use the Activation Code and the Activation ID to register the EC2 instances.

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Question # 61

A security review has identified that an AWS CodeBuild project is downloading a database population script from an Amazon S3 bucket using an unauthenticated request. The security team does not allow unauthenticated requests to S3 buckets for this project.

How can this issue be corrected in the MOST secure manner?

Add the bucket name to the AllowedBuckets section of the CodeBuild project settings. Update the build spec to use the AWS CLI to download the database population script.

Modify the S3 bucket settings to enable HTTPS basic authentication and specify a token. Update the build spec to use cURL to pass the token and download the database population script.

Remove unauthenticated access from the S3 bucket with a bucket policy. Modify the service role for the CodeBuild project to include Amazon S3 access. Use the AWS CLI to download the database population script.

Remove unauthenticated access from the S3 bucket with a bucket policy. Use the AWS CLI to download the database population script using an IAM access key and a secret access key.

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Question # 62

A company uses AWS Organizations to manage multiple accounts. Information security policies require that all unencrypted Amazon EBS volumes be marked as non-compliant. A DevOps engineer needs to automatically deploy the solution and ensure that this compliance check is always present.

Which solution will accomplish this?

Create an AWS CloudFormation template that defines an AWS Inspector rule to check whether EBS encryption is enabled. Save the template to an Amazon S3 bucket that has been shared with all accounts within the company. Update the account creation script pointing to the CloudFormation template in Amazon S3.

Create an AWS Config organizational rule to check whether EBS encryption is enabled and deploy the rule using the AWS CLI. Create and apply an SCP to prohibit stopping and deleting AWS Config across the organization.

Create an SCP in Organizations. Set the policy to prevent the launch of Amazon EC2 instances without encryption on the EBS volumes using a conditional expression. Apply the SCP to all AWS accounts. Use Amazon Athena to analyze the AWS CloudTrail output, looking for events that deny an ec2: RunInstances action.

Deploy an IAM role to all accounts from a single trusted account. Build a pipeline with AWS CodePipeline with a stage in AWS Lambda to assume the IAM role, and list all EBS volumes in the account. Publish a report to Amazon S3.

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Question # 63

A company is refactoring applications to use AWS. The company identifies an internal web application that needs to make Amazon S3 API calls in a specific AWS account.

The company wants to use its existing identity provider (IdP) auth.company.com for authentication. The IdP supports only OpenID Connect (OIDC). A DevOps engineer needs to secure the web application's access to the AWS account.

Which combination of steps will meet these requirements? (Select THREE.)

Configure AWS 1AM Identity Center. Configure an IdP. Upload the IdP metadata from the existing IdP.

Create an 1AM IdP by using the provider URL, audience, and signature from the existing IdP.

Create an 1AM role that has a policy that allows the necessary S3 actions. Configure the role's trust policy to allow the OIDC IdP to assume the role if the sts.amazon.conraud context key is appid from idp.

Create an 1AM role that has a policy that allows the necessary S3 actions. Configure the role's trust policy to allow the OIDC IdP to assume the role if the auth.company.com:aud context key is appid_from_idp.

Configure the web application lo use the AssumeRoleWith Web Identity API operation to retrieve temporary credentials. Use the temporary credentials to make the S3 API calls.

Configure the web application to use the GetFederationToken API operation to retrieve temporary credentials Use the temporary credentials to make the S3 API calls.

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Answer:

Explanation:

Step 1: Creating an Identity Provider in IAMYou first need to configure AWS to trust the external identity provider (IdP), which in this case supports OpenID Connect (OIDC). The IdP will handle the authentication, and AWS will handle the authorization based on the IdP's token.

Action:Create an IAM Identity Provider (IdP) in AWS using the existing provider's URL, audience, and signature. This step is essential for establishing trust between AWS and the external IdP.

Why:This allows AWS to accept tokens from your external IdP (auth.company.com) for authentication.

[Reference:AWS documentation onIAM Identity Providers., So, this corresponds toOption B: Create an IAM IdP by using the provider URL, audience, and signature from the existing IdP., Step 2: Creating an IAM Role with Specific PermissionsNext, you need to create an IAM role with a trust policy that allows the external IdP to assume it when certain conditions are met. Specifically, the trust policy needs to allow the role to be assumed based on the context key auth.company.com:aud (audience claim in the token)., Action:Create an IAM role that has the necessary permissions (e.g., Amazon S3 access). The role's trust policy should specify the OIDC IdP as the trusted entity and validate the audience claim (auth.company.com:aud), which comes from the token provided by the IdP., Why:This step ensures that only the specified web application authenticated via OIDC can assume the IAM role to make API calls., Reference:AWS documentation onOIDC and Role Assumption., This corresponds toOption D: Create an IAM role that has a policy that allows the necessary S3 actions. Configure the role's trust policy to allow the OIDC IdP to assume the role if the auth.company.com:aud context key is appid_from_idp., Step 3: Using Temporary Credentials via AssumeRoleWithWebIdentity APITo securely make Amazon S3 API calls, the web application will need temporary credentials. The web application can use the AssumeRoleWithWebIdentity API call to assume the IAM role configured in the previous step and obtain temporary AWS credentials. These credentials can then be used to interact with Amazon S3., Action:The web application must be configured to call the AssumeRoleWithWebIdentity API operation, passing the OIDC token from the IdP to obtain temporary credentials., Why:This allows the web application to authenticate via the external IdP and then authorize access to AWS resources securely using short-lived credentials., Reference:AWS documentation onAssumeRoleWithWebIdentity., This corresponds toOption E: Configure the web application to use the AssumeRoleWithWebIdentity API operation to retrieve temporary credentials. Use the temporary credentials to make the S3 API calls., Summary of Selected Answers:, B: Create an IAM IdP by using the provider URL, audience, and signature from the existing IdP., D: Create an IAM role that has a policy that allows the necessary S3 actions. Configure the roleâ€™s trust policy to allow the OIDC IdP to assume the role if the auth.company.com:aud context key is appid_from_idp., E: Configure the web application to use the AssumeRoleWithWebIdentity API operation to retrieve temporary credentials. Use the temporary credentials to make the S3 API calls., This setup enables the web application to use OpenID Connect (OIDC) for authentication and securely interact with Amazon S3 in a specific AWS account using short-lived credentials obtained through AWS Security Token Service (STS)., ]

Question # 64

A DevOps team uses AWS CodePipeline, AWS CodeBuild, and AWS CodeDeploy to deploy an application. The application is a REST API that uses AWS Lambda functions and Amazon API Gateway Recent deployments have introduced errors that have affected many customers.

The DevOps team needs a solution that reverts to the most recent stable version of the application when an error is detected. The solution must affect the fewest customers possible.

Which solution Will meet these requirements With the MOST operational efficiency?

Set the deployment configuration in CodeDepIoy to LambdaAlIAtOnce Configure automatic rollbacks on the deployment group Create an Amazon CloudWatch alarm that detects HTTP Bad Gateway errors on API Gateway Configure the deployment group to roll back when the number of alarms meets the alarm threshold

Set the deployment configuration in CodeDeploy to LambdaCanary10Percent10Minutes. Configure automatic rollbacks on the deployment group Create an Amazon CloudWatch alarm that detects HTTP Bad Gateway errors on API Gateway Configure the deployment group toroll back when the number of alarms meets the alarm threshold

Set the deployment configuration in CodeDeploy to LambdaAllAtOnce Configure manual rollbacks on the deployment group. Create an Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) topc to send notifications every time a deployrnent fads. Configure the SNS topc to Invoke a new Lambda function that stops the current deployment and starts the most recent successful deployment

Set the deployment configuration in CodeDeploy to LambdaCanaryIOPercentIOMinutes Configure manual rollbacks on the deployment group Create a metric filter on an Amazon CloudWatch log group for API Gateway to monitor HTTP Bad Gateway errors. Configure the metric filter to Invoke a new Lambda function that stops the current eployment and starts the most recent successful deployment

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Answer:

Explanation:

Option A is incorrect because setting the deployment configuration to LambdaAllAtOnce means that the new version of the application will be deployed to all Lambda functions at once, affecting all customers. This does not meet the requirement of affecting the fewest customers possible. Moreover, configuring automatic rollbacks on the deployment group is not operationally efficient, as it requires manual intervention to fix the errors and redeploy the application.

Option B is correct because setting the deployment configuration to LambdaCanary10Percent10Minutes means that the new version of the application will be deployed to 10 percent of the Lambda functions first, and then to the remaining 90 percent after 10 minutes. This minimizes the impact of errors on customers, as only 10 percent of them will be affected by a faulty deployment. Configuring automatic rollbacks on the deployment group also meets the requirement of reverting to the most recent stable version of the application when an error is detected. Creating a CloudWatch alarm that detects HTTP Bad Gateway errors on API Gateway is a valid way to monitor the health of the application and trigger a rollback if needed.

Option C is incorrect because setting the deployment configuration to LambdaAllAtOnce means that the new version of the application will be deployed to all Lambda functions at once, affecting all customers. This does not meet the requirement of affecting the fewest customers possible. Moreover, configuring manual rollbacks on the deployment group is not operationally efficient, as it requires human intervention to stop the current deployment and start a new one. Creating an SNS topic to send notifications every time a deployment fails is not sufficient to detect errors in the application, as it does not monitor the API Gateway responses.

Option D is incorrect because configuring manual rollbacks on the deployment group is not operationally efficient, as it requires human intervention to stop the current deployment and start a new one. Creating a metric filter on a CloudWatchlog group for API Gateway to monitor HTTP Bad Gateway errors is a valid way to monitor the health of the application, but invoking a new Lambda function to perform a rollback is unnecessary and complex, as CodeDeploy already provides automatic rollback functionality.

References:

AWS CodeDeploy Deployment Configurations

[AWS CodeDeploy Rollbacks]

Amazon CloudWatch Alarms

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