Active ownership most likely:
Emphasizes negative screening.
Prioritizes disinvestment activities.
Uses a proxy voting strategy driven by a clear agenda.
Active ownership refers to investors using their rights (voting, engagement, resolutions) to influence corporate behavior.
Why C (Proxy voting with an agenda) is correct:
Active owners use proxy voting to push ESG policies (e.g., climate risk disclosures, executive compensation reforms).
Example: BlackRock and Vanguard vote on shareholder resolutions to demand climate risk reporting.
Why not A or B?
A (Negative screening) is a passive strategy, not active ownership.
B (Disinvestment) is sometimes used but is not the main strategy of active ownership.
References:
PRI: Active Ownership 2.0 Framework (2023)
