NCLEX-PN Exam Dumps - National Council Licensure Examination(NCLEX-PN)

Prolapsed umbilical cord is the descent of the umbilical cord into the vagina before the fetal presenting part and compression of the cord between the presenting part and the maternal pelvis, compromising or completely cutting off fetoplacental perfusion. This is an emergency situation; immediate delivery should be attempted to save the fetus.Physiological Adaptation

A side effect of postpartum epidural morphine is the onset of itching within 3 hours of injection and lasting up to 10 hours. Nausea and vomiting might occur 4–7 hours after injection. Urinary retention is a side effect of postpartum epidural morphine but is not assessed as such within the first 3 hours. Somnolence is a rare side effect.Health Promotion and Maintenance

Alcoholism places a client at risk for developing cirrhosis. None of the other choices are related to cirrhosis.Physiological Adaptation

Leptin (recessive obesity gene—protein hormone) is expressed in fat cell coding for the protein that reacts to the percentage of fat cells in the body. Leptin is associated with increased energy expenditure and decreased food intake via hypothalamic control. Obese clients might have insensitivity or resistance to the effects of leptin. Leptin can affect other body hormones such as insulin. Genetic factors include leptin, uncoupling proteins, and the amount of brown/white fat in the body.Physiological Adaptation

Elder adults might be more at risk for gastric and renal toxicity, increasing among elder adults.Basic Care

and Comfort

The least important factor (of those listed) during an emergency situation is the number of accompanying family members.Safety and Infection Control

5-FU is an antieoplastic, antimetabolic drug that inhibits DNA synthesis and interferes with cell replication. It is given intravenously and acts systemically. It affects all rapidly growing cells,both malignant and normal. It is used as adjuvant therapy for treating cancer of the colon, rectum, stomach, breast, and pancreas. This drug has many side effects, including bone marrow depression, anorexia, stomatitis, nausea, and vomiting.Physiological Adaptation

Major functions of the kidneys in maintaining normal fluid balance include regulation of extracellular fluid and osmolarity by selective retention and excretion of fluids, regulation of pH of the extracellular fluid by retention of hydrogen ions, and excretion of metabolic wastes and toxic substances. ADH is manufactured by the pituitary, and the parathyroid regulates calcium and phosphate balance.Physiological Adaptation