NSE6_FSW-7.2 Exam Dumps - NSE6_FSW-7.2 - Fortinet NSE 6 - FortiSwitch 7.2

The use of the sniffer command on FortiSwitch CLI can be unreliable on port 23 for specific reasons related to the nature of traffic on the port:

D.The switch port might be used as a trunk member.When a switch port is configured as a trunk, it can carry traffic for multiple VLANs. If the sniffer is set up without specifying VLAN tags or a range of VLANs to capture, it may not accurately capture or display all the VLAN traffic due to the volume and variety of VLAN-tagged packets passing through the trunk port. This limitation makes using the sniffer on a trunk port unreliable for capturing specific VLAN traffic unless properly configured to handle tagged traffic.

References:

• For guidelines on how to properly use sniffer commands on trunk ports and configure VLAN filtering, consult the FortiSwitch CLI reference available through Fortinet support channels, including theFortinet Knowledge Base.

VLAN assignments on FortiSwitch ports must follow certain rules and guidelines to ensure network integrity and proper traffic segregation:

• Only Assign One Native VLAN on a Port (C):
• Assign Untagged VLANs Using FortiGate CLI (D):

References:For detailed instructions and best practices on VLAN configuration on FortiSwitch, refer to the FortiSwitch administration guide available on:Fortinet Product Documentation

It provides benefits that can be obtained when using 802.1X authentication (C): MAC, IP, and protocol-based VLANs on FortiSwitch are beneficial in network environments where additional granularity is needed in traffic segmentation and security, similar to what can be achieved through 802.1X authentication. These VLAN types allow for dynamic assignment of ports to VLANs based on the characteristics of the incoming traffic, enhancing both security and network efficiency.

When FortiGate exports configuration settings to a managed FortiSwitch stack with sampling mode set to "perimeter is true," the behavior is:

• B. FortiGate configures FortiSwitch to perform ingress sampling on all switch interfaces, except ICL and ISL interfaces.This setting ensures that all incoming traffic on normal operational ports is sampled for monitoring and analysis purposes, but it excludes the inter-chassis link (ICL) and inter-switch link (ISL) interfaces from sampling. These exclusions are typically made to prevent the duplication of sampled data and to reduce unnecessary load on the monitoring system, as these links often carry traffic already monitored at other points.

Options A and D are incorrect because they either generalize the sampling across all interfaces without exceptions or incorrectly specify egress sampling on management interfaces. Option C is also incorrect as FortiGate can modify existing sampling settings to fit the perimeter-based configuration requirement.

The FortiLink authorization process is an integral part of setting up FortiSwitch to be managed by FortiGate. The correct statements regarding the FortiLink authorization process are:

C.A FortiLink frame is sent by FortiGate to FortiSwitch to complete the authorization.This is a part of the FortiLink protocol, where FortiGate communicates with the connected FortiSwitch to establish management and control. This frameinitiates the configuration and management process, allowing FortiGate to effectively control the switch.

D.FortiLink authorization sets the FortiSwitch management mode to FortiLink.Once authorized, the management mode of FortiSwitch is set to FortiLink, indicating that it is being managed via a FortiLink connection from a FortiGate appliance. This changes the operational mode of the switch to be under the control of the FortiGate for centralized management and policy application.

References:

• Further details on the FortiLink setup and authorization process can be accessed through the FortiGate configuration guides available on theFortinet Documentation site.

The QoS mechanism that directly maps packets with specific Class of Service (CoS) or Differentiated Services Code Point (DSCP) markings to an egress queue is:

• Queuing for Egress Traffic (A):

References:For a deeper understanding of how egress queuing works and how it utilizes CoS and DSCP markings in FortiSwitch, detailed QoS configuration guides are available on:Fortinet Technical Documentation

The STP (Spanning Tree Protocol) discarding state on port1 of Core-2, after Core-1 and Access-1 are managed and authorized by FortiGate-1, is likely due to the lack of an MCLAG (Multi-Chassis Link Aggregation Group) configuration between Core-1 and Core-2. In typical network configurations involving STP and MCLAG, the absence of MCLAG can lead to STP blocking one of the redundant paths to prevent loops, which is a critical function of STP. Port1 on Core-2 being in a discarding state suggests that it has been identified as providing a redundant path that could potentially create a network loop, hence STP has placed this port in a blocking (discarding) state to maintain a loop-free topology.

References:

• For a deeper understanding of STP operations and MCLAG configurations in FortiGate managed environments, consult the Fortinet knowledge base:Fortinet Knowledge Base.

In a scenario where both port1 and port2 are configured with the same native VLAN and considering the functionalities of the loop guard and Spanning Tree Protocol (STP):

• STP triggered a loop and applied loop guard protection on port1 (Option B): STP is designed to prevent loop conditions in networks. If a loop is detected, STP can trigger mechanisms such as loop guard to disable the port where the loop was detected to prevent broadcast storms and maintain network stability.
• Port1 was shut down by loop guard protection (Option C): The loop guard feature specifically acts to disable ports where potential loops are detected if no Bridge Protocol Data Unit (BPDU) is received on a non-designated port, which is considered a unidirectional link failure. This automatic shutdown prevents the types of network issues that can arise from such loops.

The 'by VLAN redirect MAC address quarantine' mode and the 'by redirect MAC address quarantine' mode on FortiGate share specific similarities:

• Quarantine VLAN Assignment (A):

• Switch-controller-dhcp-snooping-verify-mac verifies the destination MAC address to protect against DHCP exhaustion attacks (B): This feature of DHCP snooping helps prevent DHCP exhaustion attacks by ensuring that the destination MAC addresses in DHCP packets match the MAC addresses learned by the switch. This check helps prevent attackers from overwhelming the DHCP server with requests from spoofed MAC addresses.
• Settings related to DHCP option 82 are only configurable through the CLI (D): DHCP Option 82 is used for "agent information," and it's typically used in network environments where additional information between DHCP clients and servers is necessary for policy and billing purposes. Configuration of these settings in FortiSwitch is only available through the Command Line Interface (CLI), not the Graphical User Interface (GUI).

The correct statement about using the Switch Port Analyzer (SPAN) packet capture method on FortiSwitch is that "Mirrored traffic can be sent across multiple switches (A)." This feature allows for extensive traffic analysis as it enables network administrators to configure SPAN sessions that span across different switches, thereby providing the capability to monitor traffic across a broad segment of the network infrastructure.

To switch the management mode of a FortiSwitch from standalone to FortiLink without losing the existing configuration, the best practice is:

• Enable the Forti-Link setting on FortiSwitch before the authorization process (Option B): This action ensures that the FortiSwitch is prepared to integrate into the FortiGate’s network without resetting its configuration. By enabling FortiLink beforehand, the switch can communicate and synchronize with the FortiGate while retaining its current settings.

References:

• Fortinet’s documentation often highlights the importance of correctly configuring both FortiGate and FortiSwitch to ensure seamless integration without data loss. This procedure usually involves setting the appropriate management interface settings on the FortiSwitch to anticipate the FortiLink mode.

To cause endpoints to exchange PoE information and negotiate power with the managed FortiSwitch via LLDP, you should configure the LLDP profile to include power management in the advertised LLDP-MED TLVs. Here are the steps:

• Access the LLDP Profile Configuration:Start by entering the LLDP profile configuration mode with the command:

config switch-controller lldp-profile

edit "LLDP-PROFILE"

• Enable MED-TLVs:Ensure that MED-TLVs (Media Endpoint Discovery TLVs) are enabled. These TLVs are used for extended discovery relating to network policies, including PoE, and are essential for PoE negotiation. They include power management which is crucial for the negotiation of PoE parameters between devices. The command to ensure network policies are set might look like:

set med-tlvs network-policy

• Add Power Management TLV:Specifically add or ensure the power management TLV is part of the configuration. This will advertise the PoE capabilities and requirements, enabling dynamic power allocation between the FortiSwitch and the connected devices (like VoIP phones or wireless access points). This can typically be done within the network-policy settings:

config med-network-policy

edit

set poe-capability

next

end

• Save and Apply Changes:Exit the configuration blocks properly ensuring changes are saved:

End

• Verify Configuration:It’s always good practice to verify that your configurations have been applied correctly. Use the appropriateshoworgetcommands to review the LLDP profile settings.

By adding the power management as part of LLDP-MED TLVs, the FortiSwitch will be able to communicate its power requirements and capabilities to the endpoints, thereby facilitating a dynamic power negotiation that is crucial for efficient PoE utilization.

References:For more detailed information and additional configurations, you can refer to the FortiSwitch Managed Switches documentation available on Fortinet’s official documentation site:Fortinet Product Documentation