SOA-C02 Exam Dumps - AWS Certified SysOps Administrator - Associate (SOA-C02)

To resolve the issue of an AWS Lambda function unable to connect to a database that has been moved to a private subnet, the Lambda function needs to be connected to the same VPC as the database. This is done by configuring the Lambda function with VPC access. This involves specifying the VPC, subnets, and security groups for the Lambda function so that it can communicate with the database using its private endpoint. Option B is correct as it directly addresses the issue without compromising security. AWS documentation on configuring VPC access for Lambda provides guidance on this setup Configuring VPC Access for Lambda.

To meet the requirement of consistent performance of 10,000 IOPS with the least cost, the SysOps administrator should use a General Purpose SSD (gp3) Amazon EBS volume:

General Purpose SSD (gp3) EBS Volume:

The gp3 volume type can be provisioned with the required IOPS without the need for additional capacity, making it a cost-effective solution compared to Provisioned IOPS SSD (io1) volumes.

Based on the attached policy, the following actions are allowed for the IAM user:

Allow Amazon RDS DescribeDBInstances Action:

The policy allows rds:Describe* actions on all resources without any condition, so the user can describe RDS instances in any region.

Example action:

rds:DescribeDBInstances

If the MFA device for the root user is lost, you can regain access to the AWS account by using email and phone verification. AWS Support provides a process to recover root account access.

Recover Root Account Access:

Go to the AWS sign-in page and choose Root user.

Enter the root user email address.

On the MFA prompt page, choose Troubleshoot MFA.

Follow the prompts for email and phone verification to verify your identity.

Set Up a New MFA Device:

Once you regain access, navigate to the IAM console at IAM Console.

Go to the Users section and select the root user.

Set up a new MFA device.

Change the Root User Password:

It is recommended to change the root user password after recovering access for security reasons.

References:

Enabling and Managing Virtual MFA Devices (AWS Management Console)

Troubleshooting Multi-Factor Authentication

When troubleshooting inability to access an EC2 instance from the internet, you should:

A: Verify that the security group rules allow inbound HTTP and HTTPS traffic on ports 80 and 443. Security groups act as a virtual firewall to control the traffic to instances.

D: Check that outbound rules in the network ACL allow traffic for ephemeral ports 1024-65535. This is crucial for return traffic from web requests, which typically use these higher port numbers for responses.

E: Confirm that any software-based firewalls on the instance (such as Windows Firewall or iptables in Linux) are configured to allow inbound traffic on HTTP and HTTPS. These steps will ensure that the web server is correctly configured to receive and respond to web traffic from the internet. AWS provides guidelines on these configurations in their documentation on security groups EC2 Security Groups and network ACLs Network ACLs.

To reduce latency in data transfer among EC2 instances, especially in high-performance computing (HPC) applications or applications requiring low network latency, using a placement group is the best approach:

Understanding Placement Groups:

A placement group in Amazon EC2 is a logical grouping of instances within a single Availability Zone. Using placement groups, you can achieve low-latency network performance necessary for tightly coupled node-to-node communication.

Types of Placement Groups:

Cluster Placement Group: Instances are physically located close together in the same Availability Zone to provide low-latency network performance.

Partition Placement Group: Instances are divided into logical segments called partitions, reducing the likelihood of simultaneous failures.

Spread Placement Group: Instances are placed on distinct underlying hardware to reduce correlated failures.

Creating and Using a Placement Group:

You can create a placement group using the AWS Management Console, AWS CLI, or AWS SDKs.

When launching instances, specify the placement group to ensure they are launched within the same group.

aws ec2 create-placement-group --group-name my-placement-group --strategy cluster

aws ec2 run-instances --image-id ami-12345678 --count 4 --instance-type c5.large --placement GroupName=my-placement-group

Relocating Existing Instances:

Stop the instances, modify the placement group settings, and then restart them. Note that not all instance types are supported within placement groups, so check the documentation for compatibility.

References:

Placement Groups

Cluster Instances for Low-Latency

To correctly route traffic through CloudFront, the CNAME record should point to the CloudFront distribution's domain (dllllllabcdef8.cloudfront.net). This ensures that requests reach CloudFront first, which then forwards them to the S3 bucket as configured.

Correcting the DNS Record: Changing the DNS CNAME record to point to the CloudFront distribution ensures that all requests go through CloudFront, leveraging its caching and content delivery capabilities.

No Need to Modify S3 Bucket: Since CloudFront accesses the S3 origin through its identity, there’s no need to disable S3 Block Public Access.

To optimize the routing of requests to the application for users in different geographic locations, use Amazon Route 53's latency-based routing:

Latency Routing Policy: Modify the Route 53 DNS settings for app.anycompany.com by changing the routing policy to latency. This policy routes user requests to the server that has the lowest latency relative to the user's location.

Configure Latency Records: Create latency records for each ALB—one for the ALB in us-west-2 and another for the new ALB in ap-southeast-2. Route 53 will automatically direct traffic to the endpoint that provides the lowest latency connection to the user.

Seamless User Experience: By using latency routing, the URL remains the same (app.anycompany.com), but the backend service location varies based on which endpoint is likely to respond the fastest. This setup provides a seamless experience for users, reducing latency without requiring any changes to how they access the application.

This method leverages Route 53's advanced DNS capabilities to ensure optimal performance and user experience by dynamically routing traffic based on geographic latency considerations.