CTFL_Syll2018 Exam Dumps - ISTQB Certified Tester Foundation Level (Syllabus 2018)

Estimating the cost of testing is not a typical task for a test leader. Estimating the cost of testing is usually done by project managers or senior managers who have access to budgetary information and authority to allocate resources for testing activities. Test leaders may provide input or feedback on estimating the cost of testing, but they are not responsible for it3 states this as follows:

Estimating costs for test activities within a project is typically done by project managers who have overall responsibility for budgeting and resource allocation within a project. Test leaders may assist project managers in estimating costs for test activities by providing information on test effort, test environment, test tools, etc., but they do not have final authority or accountability for cost estimation.

A, B, and C are incorrect answers. Selecting the test approach (A), coordinating the test strategy (B), and preparing and acquiring test data © are typical tasks for a test leader. Selecting the test approach is part of test planning and control, which involves defining the test objectives, scope, strategy, resources, schedule, risks, metrics, etc. Coordinating the test strategy is part of test monitoring and control, which involves measuring and evaluating test progress and quality against objectives and criteria. Preparing and acquiring test data is part of test implementation and execution, which involves developing and prioritizing test cases, creating test data and writing test procedures, checking test environment has been set up correctly, executing test cases, etc.

 A variable has the wrong numeric value passed into it is the type of defect that would not be typically found by using a static analysis tool, because it is a logical or functional error that depends on the context and requirements of the software13. A static analysis tool can detect syntactic or structural errors in the code, such as missing declarations, undefined variables, unused variables, or unreachable code13. The other options represent such errors that can be typically found by using a static analysis tool. Option A is an error where a variable is defined but is then not used, which indicates a waste of memory or a possible logic flaw13. Option B is an error where a variable is used in a calculation before it is defined, which can cause unpredictable results or exceptions13. Option D is an error where a variable is used but not declared, which can cause compilation or runtime errors

In the context of software testing, the correct sequence of events typically starts with a mistake, which is a human error made during the software development process. This mistake can lead to a fault in the code, which is a defect or bug that exists in the software. If this fault is executed, it may cause a failure, which is an instance where the software does not perform its intended function.

References: The ISTQB Certified Tester Foundation Level (CTFL) v4.0 documents provide detailed explanations of these terms and their sequence. Specifically, the syllabus outlines the fundamental concepts of software testing, including the definitions and differences between errors, faults, and failures.

The best way to take advantage of the different mindsets of testers and developers is to bring the two mindsets together. Testers and developers have different perspectives and skills that can complement each other and improve the quality of the software. Testers tend to focus on finding defects and verifying the software against the requirements and specifications, while developers tend to focus on creating and implementing the software according to the design and architecture. By collaborating and communicating with each other, testers and developers can share their knowledge, feedback, and ideas, and resolve issues more efficiently and effectively.

References: Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus, Section 2.2

Checklist-based testing is an experience-based test technique whereby the experienced tester uses a high-level list of items to be noted, checked or remembered, or a set of rules or criteria against which a product has to be verified. Checklist-based testing can help the tester to focus on important aspects of the test object and to ensure that nothing is overlooked or forgotten. Checklist-based testing can also help the tester to communicate and report the test results and coverage more effectively.

References: Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus, Section 4.6.1

Testing and debugging are two different activities that are related to finding and removing defects and failures in software. Testing is the process of evaluating software by applying test cases to find failures and provide information on its quality. Debugging is the process of finding, analyzing, and removing the causes of failures in software. Designing tests to find failures and executing tests to show failures are testing activities. Locating the cause of failures and analyzing and fixing the defects are debugging activities.

References: Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus, Section 1.2.1

Black-box testing is a test technique that investigates the input vs. output behavior of a software system, without considering its internal structure or implementation. Therefore, option B is correct. Option A is incorrect, as it describes white-box testing, which focuses on the internal structure or implementation of a software system. Option C is incorrect, as it describes exploratory testing, which relies on the testers’ intuition and experience. Option D is incorrect, as it describes integration testing, which tests the interfaces and interactions between components or systems.

References: [Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus], Section 4.1

 Having the company’s independent test team design and execute the tests would achieve the highest level of testing independence for a project’s test level, because it would reduce the bias and influence of the developers or other stakeholders who are involved in the software development1 . An independent test team can provide a different perspective and focus on testing activities without being affected by development pressures or deadlines1 . The other options would not achieve the highest level of testing independence for a project’s test level. Option A is not a good option, because training developers to design good tests for the test team to execute would still introduce some bias and influence from the developers’ point of view1 . Option C is not a good option, because minimizing contact between testers and developers during test design to avoid bias would reduce the communication and collaboration that are essential for effective testing and defect resolution1 . Option D is not a good option, because outsourcing test design and execution to a different company would introduce some risks and challenges such as contractual issues, cultural differences, or loss of control over quality