H12-891_V1.0 Exam Dumps - HCIE-Datacom V1.0

BGP in Huawei SD-WAN

Huawei SD-WAN uses BGP (Border Gateway Protocol) as the primary routing protocol to exchange VPN routes between Customer Premises Equipment (CPEs) and the controller.

✅ Why BGP is Used in SD-WAN?

Scalability: BGP can handle a large number of VPN routes.

Policy-Based Routing: BGP allows traffic engineering and policy control across SD-WAN tunnels.

Multiprotocol Support: Huawei SD-WAN uses MP-BGP to exchange IPv4, IPv6, and VPNv4 routes.

✔ Egress devices in Huawei CloudCampus static IPsec VPN include:

Access Points (APs)

Routers

Firewalls ✅

✔ Why Firewalls?

Firewalls support IPsec VPN termination for secure WAN interconnection.

Firewalls provide advanced security filtering and encryption for IPsec traffic.

📖 Reference: Huawei HCIE Datacom – IPsec VPN in CloudCampus

Huawei Open Programmability System (OPS) and Scripting Support

Huawei OPS (Open Programmability System) enables network automation using script-based programming for device management and configuration.

✅ Python is the primary language integrated into Huawei OPS.

Python scripts can automate device configurations, monitoring, and troubleshooting.

OPS supports Python libraries for interacting with network APIs and CLI commands.

Used for Huawei CloudCampus, SDN, and Datacom devices.

Correct Order of Steps:

1️⃣ Network planning2️⃣ Site design3️⃣ Device management4️⃣ Fabric management5️⃣ VN (Virtual Network) management6️⃣ Service deployment

Understanding the iMaster NCE-Campus Deployment Process

🔹 iMaster NCE-Campus is Huawei’s AI-driven network automation and management platform for campus networks.🔹 The deployment follows a structured sequence to ensure a fully operational network.

Detailed Explanation of Each Step:

✅ 1️⃣ Network Planning (First Step)

Defines the overall network architecture, topology, and business requirements.

Determines WAN, LAN, and WLAN coverage for the campus.

Ensures IP addressing, VLANs, and security policies are planned.

✅ 2️⃣ Site Design (Second Step)

Creates site layouts and determines device placement (switches, APs, routers).

Defines power, cabling, and uplink requirements for optimal connectivity.

✅ 3️⃣ Device Management (Third Step)

Onboards network devices (e.g., switches, APs, firewalls) into iMaster NCE-Campus.

Configures initial settings such as IP addresses, interfaces, and SNMP settings.

Ensures devices are registered and reachable in the management platform.

✅ 4️⃣ Fabric Management (Fourth Step)

Establishes VXLAN-based network fabric for automated Layer 2/3 connectivity.

Configures EVPN/VXLAN overlays, VTEPs, and underlay routing.

✅ 5️⃣ VN (Virtual Network) Management (Fifth Step)

Defines virtual networks (VNs) for different departments, tenants, or services.

Configures QoS, ACLs, and network segmentation policies.

✅ 6️⃣ Service Deployment (Final Step)

Activates network services like DHCP, security policies, and application access.

Ensures that end-user connectivity and application traffic policies are in place.

Why Is This the Correct Order?

✅ Each step builds upon the previous one, ensuring a smooth and structured deployment process.✅ Service deployment comes last because it finalizes user access and application connectivity.

Real-World Application:

Enterprise Campus Networks: Deploys secure, scalable campus connectivity with AI-based automation.

University Campuses & Smart Cities: Uses SDN-driven network segmentation and automation to simplify operations.

✅ Reference: Huawei HCIE-Datacom Guide – iMaster NCE-Campus Deployment & Automation

In BGP/MPLS IP VPN, when OSPF is used as the PE-CE routing protocol, Domain IDs are used to determine whether the OSPF routes imported into the VPN instance belong to the same OSPF domain.

How Domain ID Works in OSPF and MPLS VPN:

Same Domain ID (OSPF Intra-domain routes)

If the PE router's Domain ID matches the OSPF Domain ID, routes are treated as intra-area routes.

The routes retain OSPF attributes when redistributed into the VPN.

Different Domain ID (OSPF Inter-domain routes)

If the Domain ID does not match, routes are treated as external routes (Type 3 or Type 5 LSAs).

The PE router redistributes these routes as OSPF external routes.

Example Huawei Configuration for Domain ID in OSPF VPN:

ospf 1 vpn-instance VPN1

domain-id 1.1.1.1

This ensures consistent OSPF route types when exchanging routes between PE and CE.

Reference from Huawei HCIE-Datacom Documentation:

Huawei MPLS VPN Configuration Guide – OSPF Domain ID in PE-CE Routing

HCIE-Datacom Study Material – OSPF & MPLS VPN Route Redistribution

✅ A. encoding: indicates the character set encoding format. Currently, only UTF-8 encoding is supported.

UTF-8 is the default and only supported character encoding in NETCONF XML.

✅ B. /: indicates the end of the current tag.

In XML, </tag> closes an element, defining the end of a structure.

✅ C. <?: indicates the start of an instruction.

The declares an XML document and its version/encoding.

✅ D. ?>: indicates the end of an instruction.

Closes the XML declaration.

Reference from Huawei HCIE-Datacom Documentation:

Huawei NETCONF Development Guide – XML Formatting Rules

HCIE-Datacom Training Material – Understanding XML in Network Automation

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation:

The display current-configuration command is used to show the active running configuration stored in RAM (memory).

Key Features:

✔ Displays current settings for interfaces, routing, and security.✔ Reflects real-time changes (different from startup-config stored in NVRAM).✔ Useful for troubleshooting and verification before saving configurations.

Thus, the statement is TRUE.

📖 Reference: Huawei HCIE Datacom – Command Reference Guide

Understanding MPLS Forwarding Mechanism

MPLS (Multiprotocol Label Switching) is a high-performance forwarding mechanism that operates on two planes:

1️⃣ Control Plane:

Establishes Label Switched Paths (LSPs) using protocols like LDP (Label Distribution Protocol), RSVP-TE (Resource Reservation Protocol - Traffic Engineering), or BGP-LU (BGP Label Unicast).

Assigns labels to packets based on routing policies.

2️⃣ Data Plane (Forwarding Plane):

Uses a Label Forwarding Information Base (LFIB) instead of traditional IP routing.

Packets are forwarded based on labels, not IP addresses.

Analysis of the Answer Choices

✅ C. The system automatically assigns an ID to the upper-layer application that uses a tunnel. This ID is also called the tunnel ID.

Correct: MPLS assigns a Tunnel ID to applications that utilize tunnels (e.g., VPNs, MPLS-TE, or L2/L3 services).

This ID helps differentiate between various tunnel applications, ensuring traffic follows the correct LSP.

❌ A. After an IP packet enters an MPLS domain, the MPLS device forwards the packet based on FIB table queries.

Incorrect: MPLS routers do NOT use the FIB (Forwarding Information Base) for forwarding once labels are assigned.

Instead, they use LFIB (Label Forwarding Information Base) to switch packets based on labels.

❌ B. If the tunnel ID is 0x0, the MPLS forwarding process starts.

Incorrect: If the Tunnel ID is 0x0, MPLS does NOT start; it means no label is assigned, and traditional IP forwarding occurs.

❌ D. If the tunnel ID is not 0x0, the normal IP forwarding process starts.

Incorrect: If the Tunnel ID is not 0x0, MPLS forwards traffic using label switching, not IP forwarding.