COBIT-2019 Exam Dumps - COBIT 2019 Foundation

 COBIT defines stakeholder value creation as the realization of benefits at an optimal resource cost while optimizing risk. This is based on the principle of balance, which states that “governance of enterprise I&T should ensure that stakeholder needs, conditions and options are evaluated to determine balanced, agreed-on enterprise objectives to be achieved; setting direction through prioritization and decision making; and monitoring performance and compliance against agreed-on direction and objectives” . Value creation is not only about reducing costs or mitigating risks, but also about optimizing them in relation to the expected benefits. 

The flexibility of COBIT design factors benefits an enterprise by allowing users to tailor the framework to align with specific enterprise needs. COBIT is a comprehensive governance and management framework for information and technology that helps enterprises to achieve their goals and create value. COBIT design factors are characteristics or aspects of an enterprise that influence the design and implementation of a governance system. They include factors such as enterprise size, industry sector, risk profile, regulatory environment, sourcing model, etc. The flexibility of COBIT design factors benefits an enterprise by allowing users to tailor the framework to align with specific enterprise needs by providing guidance on how to customize and adapt the COBIT components (such as processes, practices, goals, metrics, etc.) based on the design factors.14 References: COBIT 2019 Framework: Introduction and Methodology, COBIT 2019 Design Guide: Designing an Information and Technology Governance Solution

The Skills Framework for the Information Age (SFIA) has been used as a basis for developing guidance for the COBIT governance component of people, skills and competencies. SFIA is a globally recognized framework that describes the skills required by professionals who work with information and technology2, p. 36. References: 2: COBIT 2019 Framework: Introduction and Methodology

The enterprise’s risk profile is the most important enterprise risk management concept to fully understand prior to finalizing the design of an IT governance system. Enterprise risk management is the process of identifying, analyzing, evaluating, treating, monitoring, and communicating risks that affect the achievement of enterprise objectives. Enterprise risk management concepts include risk appetite (the amount and type of risk that an enterprise is willing to accept), risk tolerance (the acceptable variation in outcomes related to specific performance measures), risk profile (the overall exposure or level of risk that an enterprise faces), etc. The enterprise’s risk profile is the most important concept to fully understand prior to finalizing the design of an IT governance system because it helps to determine the appropriate level of risk optimization for each governance objective.14 References: COBIT 2019 Framework: Introduction and Methodology, COBIT 2019 Framework: Governance System

 A primary consideration when addressing new issues within a flexible and open framework is maintaining integrity and consistency. This means that “the framework should be internally consistent; not contain contradictions or ambiguities; be complete in covering all relevant aspects of enterprise governance of I&T; and be coherent in its structure, terminology and presentation” 6. Maintaining integrity and consistency ensures that the framework is reliable, clear, and easy to use for all stakeholders7. References: 6: COBIT 2019 Framework: Introduction and Methodology, page 25 7: COBIT 2019 Design Guide: Designing an Information and Technology Governance Solution, page 13

The organizational structures component of the governance system are the key decision-making entities in an enterprise. Organizational structures are the arrangements of roles and responsibilities that enable the enterprise to achieve its objectives. Organizational structures can be formal or informal, hierarchical or flat, centralized or decentralized, etc. Organizational structures can include entities such as board, executive management, committees, forums, teams, units, etc. The organizational structures component of the governance system are the key decision-making entities in an enterprise by providing authority, accountability, direction, oversight, evaluation, etc., for information and technology.13 References: COBIT 2019 Framework: Introduction and Methodology, COBIT 2019 Framework: Roles, Responsibilities & RACI Charts

The role of IT design factor describes how IT supports the enterprise strategy and objectives. Turnaround is a role of IT that is viewed as a driver for business process and service innovation, by enabling new ways of doing business, creating new sources of revenue, and enhancing customer satisfaction1, p. 29. References: 1: COBIT 2019 Framework: Introduction and Methodology

 The most critical factor to ensuring the objective of managed availability and capacity is to predict future IT resource requirements based on current and projected business needs, service levels, and performance targets. This factor enables the enterprise to plan, provision, and optimize IT resources in a timely and cost-effective manner, while ensuring that IT services are delivered with sufficient availability and capacity to meet business demands. The factor is based on the COBIT 2019 Design Guide2, page 77. References: 2: COBIT 2019 Design Guide | Digital | English