ISO-IEC-27001-Lead-Auditor Exam Dumps - PECB Certified ISO/IEC 27001 2022 Lead Auditor exam

The use of clear text passwords for authentication in FTP is a vulnerability because it is a weakness that can be exploited by threat actors. Clear text passwords can be intercepted easily by network sniffers or through man-in-the-middle attacks, making them a significant security risk1. References: = This explanation is consistent with the understanding of vulnerabilities within the field of information security, particularly as it relates to network protocols like FTP and their associated risks

According to ISO 27001:2022 clause 4.3, the organisation shall determine the scope of the information security management system (ISMS) by considering the internal and external issues, the requirements of interested parties, and the interfaces and dependencies with other organisations12

In this case, the ISMS scope covers an outsourced data center that hosts the artificial intelligence (AI) cloud server for healthcare monitoring and analysis of the residents’ data. Therefore, the audit evidence you need to find to verify the scope of the ISMS should include:

• The auditee has identified the governmental authorities’ needs and expectations on healthcare services and patient data handling. This is an external issue and an interested party requirement that affects the ISMS scope, as the auditee has to comply with the relevant laws and regulations regarding the quality, safety, and privacy of healthcare services and patient data12
• The auditee has identified the resident’s needs and expectations on how they should protect the resident’s personal data. This is an external issue and an interested party requirement that affects the ISMS scope, as the auditee has to ensure the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of the resident’s personal data that is collected, processed, and stored by the electronic wristband and the AI cloud server12
• The IT service agreement with the data center where the artificial intelligence (AI) cloud server is located. This is an interface and dependency with another organisation that affects the ISMS scope, as the auditee has to control the externally provided processes, products, and services that are relevant to the ISMS, and to implement appropriate contractual requirements related to information security12

The following options are not relevant or sufficient for verifying the scope of the ISMS:

• The auditee has identified the resident’s needs and expectations on the facility and environmental safety. This is an external issue and an interested party requirement, but it does not affect the ISMS scope, as it is not related to information security12
• The auditee has ISO 9001 certification. This is an indication of the auditee’s quality management system, but it does not verify the scope of the ISMS, as it is not related to information security12
• The auditee has identified the resident’s needs and expectations on the comfort facility, medical professional’s competence, and clean environment. These are external issues and interested party requirements, but they do not affect the ISMS scope, as they are not related to information security12
• The auditee has identified the resident’s needs and expectations on healthcare medical treatment services. These are external issues and interested party requirements, but they do not verify the scope of the ISMS, as they are not specific to information security12
• The auditee is considering the purchase of a healthcare monitoring app from an external software company. This is a potential change that may affect the ISMS scope in the future, but it does not verify the current scope of the ISMS, as it is not yet implemented or controlled12

References:

1: ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Lead Auditor (Information Security Management Systems) Course by CQI and IRCA Certified Training 1 2: ISO/IEC 27001 Lead Auditor Training Course by PECB 2

According to ISO 19011:2018, which provides guidelines for auditing management systems, clause 6.6 requires the audit team leader to conduct a closing meeting with the auditee’s representatives at the end of the audit to present the audit conclusions and any findings1. The closing meeting should also provide an opportunity for the auditee to ask questions, clarify issues, acknowledge the findings, and comment on the audit process1. Therefore, when preparing for the closing meeting, an ISMS auditor should consider the following actions:

• I will advise the auditee that the purpose of the closing meeting is for the audit team to communicate our findings. It is not an opportunity for the auditee to challenge these: This action is appropriate because it reflects the fact that the auditor has followed a systematic and consistent approach to collecting and evaluating audit evidence and reaching audit conclusions. The auditor should advise the auditee that the purpose of the closing meeting is for the audit team to communicate their findings, which are based on objective evidence and professional judgement. The auditor should also explain that it is not an opportunity for the auditee to challenge these findings, as they have already been discussed and confirmed during the audit. However, the auditor should also invite the auditee to ask questions, clarify issues, acknowledge the findings, and comment on the audit process1.
• I will schedule a closing meeting with the auditee’s representatives at which the audit conclusions will be presented: This action is appropriate because it reflects the fact that the auditor has followed a planned and agreed audit programme and schedule. The auditor should schedule a closing meeting with the auditee’s representatives at which the audit conclusions will be presented, in accordance with clause 6.6 of ISO 19011:20181. The auditor should also ensure that the closing meeting is attended by those responsible for managing or implementing the ISMS, as well as any other relevant parties1.
• I will discuss any follow-up required with my audit team: This action is appropriate because it reflects the fact that the auditor has followed a risk-based approach to determining and reporting any follow-up actions required by the auditee or the certification body. The auditor should discuss any follow-up required with their audit team, such as verifying corrective actions for nonconformities or conducting a subsequent audit1. The auditor should also document any follow-up actions in the audit report1.
• I will review and, as appropriate, approve my teams audit conclusions: This action is appropriate because it reflects the fact that the auditor has followed a rigorous and professional process to reaching and reporting audit conclusions. The auditor should review and, as appropriate, approve their teams audit conclusions, which are based on objective evidence and professional judgement. The auditor should also ensure that their teams audit conclusions are consistent with the audit objectives and scope, and reflect the overall performance and conformity of the ISMS1.

This scenario represents an "audit finding." An audit finding refers to results that indicate a deviation from the expected performance or standards. Discovering that two employees have not received the required training is an audit finding indicating noncompliance with the organization's training requirements.

References: ISO 19011:2018, Guidelines for auditing management systems

According to ISO/IEC 27001:2022, clause 8.2.1, the organization shall ensure that access to information and information processing facilities is limited to authorized users based on the access control policy and in accordance with the business requirements of access control2. Therefore, only employees with a business need-to-know are allowed to access highly confidential files, and not contractors, non-employees or employees with signed NDA. References: ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Lead Auditor (Information Security Management Systems) | CQI | IRCA

• Establishing the audit programme objectives, scope and criteria
• Determining the resources necessary for the audit programme, such as the audit team members, the budget, the time, the tools, etc.
• Selecting and appointing the audit team leaders and auditors
• Reviewing and approving the audit plans and arrangements
• Ensuring the effective communication and coordination among the audit programme stakeholders, such as the auditors, the auditees, the certification bodies, the accreditation bodies, etc.
• Keeping informed the accreditation body on the progress of the audit programme, especially in case of any significant changes, issues, or nonconformities
• Monitoring and reviewing the performance and results of the audit programme and the audit teams
• Evaluating the feedback and satisfaction of the auditees and other interested parties
• Identifying and implementing the opportunities for improvement of the audit programme

The individual(s) managing the audit programme are not responsible for the following tasks, which are delegated to the audit team leaders or the auditors12:

• Communicating with the auditee during the audit, such as conducting the opening and closing meetings, resolving any audit-related problems, reporting any audit findings, etc.
• Determining the legal requirements applicable to each audit, such as the confidentiality, the impartiality, the consent, the liability, etc.
• Defining the objectives, scope and criteria for an individual audit, which are derived from the audit programme and agreed with the auditee
• Defining the plan of an individual audit, which includes the audit schedule, the audit activities, the audit methods, the audit documents, etc.

References:

• ISO 19011:2018 - Guidelines for auditing management systems
• PECB Candidate Handbook ISO 27001 Lead Auditor, pages 19-20

Audit methods are techniques used by auditors to obtain audit evidence. Audit methods can be classified into two categories: those that involve human interaction and those that do not2. Audit methods that involve human interaction require direct communication between the auditor and the auditee or other relevant parties, such as interviews, questionnaires, surveys, meetings, etc. Audit methods that do not involve human interaction rely on observation, inspection, measurement, testing, sampling, analysis, etc., without requiring any verbal or written exchange2. Therefore, performing an independent review of procedures in preparation for an audit and reviewing the auditee’s response to an audit finding are examples of audit methods that involve human interaction, as they require reading and evaluating documents provided by the auditee or other sources. On the other hand, analysing data by remotely accessing the auditee’s server and observing work performed by remote surveillance are examples of audit methods that do not involve human interaction, as they do not require any direct communication with the auditee or other parties. References: ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Lead Auditor (Information Security Management Systems) | CQI | IRCA

No, a general action plan is not acceptable in this context because it lacks specific details on systems, controls, or operations impacted by the nonconformities. An effective action plan should detail the specific corrective actions for each nonconformity to ensure comprehensive resolution and prevent recurrence.