N10-009 Exam Dumps - CompTIA Network+ Certification Exam

Understanding VoIP and VLANs:

VoIP (Voice over IP) phones often use VLANs (Virtual Local Area Networks) to separate voice traffic from data traffic for improved performance and security.

Tagging Traffic to Voice VLAN:

Voice VLAN Configuration: The port on the switch needs to be configured to tag traffic for the specific voice VLAN. This ensures that voice packets are prioritized and handled correctly.

VLAN Tagging: VLAN tagging allows the switch to identify and separate voice traffic from other types of traffic on the network, reducing latency and jitter for VoIP communications.

Comparison with Other Options:

Trunk all VLANs on the port: Trunking all VLANs is typically used for links between switches, not for individual device ports.

Configure the native VLAN: The native VLAN is for untagged traffic and does not address the need for separating and prioritizing voice traffic.

Disable VLANs: Disabling VLANs would mix voice and data traffic, leading to potential performance issues and lack of traffic separation.

Implementation:

Configure the switch port connected to the VoIP phone to tag the traffic for the designated voice VLAN, ensuring proper network segmentation and quality of service.

•A. Isolate smart devices to their own network segment: Network segmentation using VLANs or separate SSIDs ensures that smart devices (like speakers) are not on the same network as guests, preventing unauthorized control.

•E. Change the default credentials: Many IoT devices (e.g., smart speakers) come with default usernames and passwords. If these are not changed, unauthorized users can easily take control.

•Why not the other options?

•B. Configure IPS: IPS (Intrusion Prevention System) detects threats but cannot block specific guest actions on an IoT device.

•C. Install a new AP: A new access point does not solve the unauthorized control issue.

•D. Set up a syslog server: Helps with logging, but does not prevent unauthorized access.

•F. Configure GRE: Generic Routing Encapsulation (GRE) is used for VPN tunneling, which is irrelevant in this case.

The three-tier hierarchical model in network design consists of three layers: access, distribution, and core. The access layer is where devices like PCs and printers connect to the network. The distribution layer aggregates the data received from the access layer switches before it is transmitted to the core layer, which is responsible for high-speed data transfer and routing. This approach improves scalability and performance in larger networks. References: CompTIA Network+ Exam Objectives and official study guides.

The default gateway for a network should be an IP address within the subnet, but not the broadcast address. In this case:

IP: 192.163.1.15

Subnet Mask: 255.255.255.0

This means the network range is: 192.163.1.0 - 192.163.1.255

192.163.1.255 is the broadcast address for this subnet, so it cannot be used as a gateway.

Hence, the device fails to communicate outside its subnet because it's trying to use a broadcast address as its gateway.

✅ The issue is clearly with the gateway configuration.

Malware refers to any malicious software that can exfiltrate confidential data, including spyware, trojans, and rootkits. This fits the scenario where unauthorized data transfer is occurring.

Breakdown of Options:

A. Adware – Displays ads, does not typically steal data.

B. Ransomware – Encrypts files but does not exfiltrate data.

C. Darkware – Not a real cybersecurity term.

D. Malware – Correct answer. Malicious software is responsible for unauthorized data exfiltration.

DHCP snooping is a security feature on network switches that helps to prevent unauthorized (rogue) DHCP servers from assigning IP addresses to clients. By implementing DHCP snooping, the network administrator can restrict DHCP responses to authorized servers only, preventing unauthorized DHCP configurations, such as incorrect DNS IPs, from being assigned to clients. This helps prevent man-in-the-middle attacks where malicious actors misconfigure DNS to redirect users to fraudulent sites. (Reference: CompTIA Network+ Study Guide, Chapter on Network Security)

802.1x is a network access control protocol that provides an authentication mechanism to devices trying to connect to a LAN or WLAN. This ensures that only authorized devices can access the network, making it ideal for mitigating the risk of unknown devices connecting to the network, especially in accessible areas.

802.1x Authentication: Requires devices to authenticate using credentials (e.g., username and password, certificates) before gaining network access.

Access Control: Prevents unauthorized devices from connecting to the network, enhancing security in public or semi-public areas.

Implementation: Typically used in conjunction with a RADIUS server to manage authentication requests.

Network References:

CompTIA Network+ N10-007 Official Certification Guide: Covers 802.1x and its role in network security.

Cisco Networking Academy: Provides training on implementing 802.1x for secure network access control.

Network+ Certification All-in-One Exam Guide: Explains the benefits and configuration of 802.1x authentication in securing network access.

An Intrusion Detection System (IDS) monitors and analyzes traffic to detect suspicious activity but does not sit in the traffic path, meaning it doesn’t affect latency. In contrast, an IPS is in-line and can introduce delay.

From Andrew Ramdayal’s guide:

“IDS monitors and alerts on malicious activity but does not block traffic, making it suitable for environments where low latency is critical.”